Leaf gas exchange and yield of three upland rice cultivars

Alvarez, Rita de Cássia Félix; Habermann, Gustavo; Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa; Nascente, Adriano Stephan; Rodrigues, João Domingos

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.0322

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The authors attributed this behavior to the fall and death of leaves with the advancement of plant development and gradual increase in non-assimilatory tissues. In another study with the same cultivar, also under field conditions, Alvarez et al (2015) reported that after 57 DAE, BRS Primavera begins to show reduced CO 2 assimilation, transpiration, and stomatal conductance, which may also explain the reduction of RGR values after this period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Since gas exchange assessment is better during the greatest photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and before the air temperature reaches the limit values for plants with the C3 photosynthetic mechanism (FEISTLER; HABERMANN, 2012;ALVAREZ et al, 2015), plants were evaluated between 9 am and 11 am. Measurements were taken under natural fluctuation in PPFD, and ranged between 700 and 1400 µmol m -2 s -1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trinexapac-Ethyl Affects Growth and Gas Exchange of Upland Rice

et al. 2016

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-A major problem affecting some upland rice cultivars is the increase in plant size when subjected to high doses of nitrogen fertilizer, leading to high levels of lodging. A method to reduce the height of upland rice, and therefore lodging, would be to use plant growth regulators. However, little information exists on the effect of these regulators on plant physiological processes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of trinexapac-ethyl application in upland rice via analysis of growth and gas exchange. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions using the BRS Primavera cultivar. A completely randomized design with eight replications was used. Treatments were carried out with and without the application of the plant growth regulator, and plants were subject to two-stage assessments in which physiological and gas-exchange indices were measured. The use of trinexapac-ethyl improved the growth of rice plants from the flowering to the physiological maturity stage, resulting in higher values of leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, and leaf matter ratio in treated plants. At the same time, it provided smaller reduction in net CO 2 assimilation at the physiological maturity stage. Thus, net/apparent assimilation rate did not change after the application of growth regulator, but relative growth rate decreased in these treated plants. These results indicate the occurrence of self-shading in rice plants induced by what might be a supra-optimum trinexapacethyl concentration.Keywords: Oryza sativa. Growth regulator. Physiological process. ETIL-TRINEXAPAC AFETANDO O CRESCIMENTO E AS TROCAS GASOSAS DO ARROZ DE TERRAS ALTASRESUMO -Um dos grandes problemas de alguns cultivares de arroz de terras altas é o aumento do porte da planta quando submetido a altas doses de fertilizante nitrogenado, atingindo altos índices de acamamento. Uma opção para diminuir a altura das plantas de arroz, e com isso também o acamamento, seria a utilização de reguladores vegetais, entretanto, existem poucas informações sobre o efeito desses reguladores nos processos fisiológicos da planta. Assim, objetivou-se, por meio da análise de crescimento e de trocas gasosas, avaliar a influência da aplicação de etil-trinexapac na cultura do arroz de terras altas. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação usando-se a cultivar BRS Primavera. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com oito repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos sem e com aplicação de regulador de crescimento vegetal e dois estádios de desenvolvimento avaliados. Foram estimados os índices fisiológicos e trocas gasosas. O uso de regulador de crescimento etil-trinexapac proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento das plantas de arroz do estádio de florescimento a maturação fisiológica, resultando em valores de RAF, AFE e PMF mais elevados nas plantas tratadas. Paralelamente, proporcionou menor redução na assimilação líquida de CO 2 na fase de maturação fisiológica. Assim, a TAL não sofreu alteração em função d...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trinexapac-Ethyl Affects Growth and Gas Exchange of Upland Rice

et al. 2016

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“…Pooled data revealed that BRS A501 CL achieved the highest GY (Table 2), mainly under severe water stress, but this cultivar recorded the lowest values for A, gs, and E among the modern cultivars. This could be because higher leaf gas exchange parameters may not necessarily promote higher productivity of Brazilian upland rice cultivars (Alvarez et al, 2015;Lanna et al, 2020). The iWUE increased either significantly or non-significantly under moderate withholding irrigation (M2) at flowering or severe withholding irrigation at the grain-filling stage (M5) (Figure 2G, H).…”

Section: The Physiological Response To Deficit Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology, yield, and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated upland rice cultivars subjected to water stress at and after flowering

et al. 2022

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Summary Water scarcity due to global warming can increase the water demand for upland rice at critical stages of crop development. However, there is little research on cultivar responses to this scenario and technologies that enhance water use efficiency (WUE). To determine the influence of water stress at and after flowering stages of drip-irrigated upland rice cultivars on physiology, yield, and WUE, a shelter experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement of treatments. Three modern and one traditional cultivar were subjected to five irrigation managements: 100% of the field capacity considered the reference management (RM), 70 and 40% of the RM at the flowering stage, and 70 and 40% of the RM at the grain-filling stage. In general, the modern cultivars tended to maintain higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, leaf water potential, and lower crop water stress index compared to the traditional cultivar under water stress. The WUE decreased for all cultivars under severe stress, averaging 0.55 and 0.62 kg m−3 when stress occurred at flowering and grain-filling, respectively, whereas moderate stress imposed at grain-filling maintained WUE for all cultivars, averaging 1.21 kg m−3. In addition, grain yield (GY) showed a similar variation trend under drought stress as WUE, and its reduction was mainly associated with low filled grain percentage. Among the five irrigation treatments, both GY and WUE were the highest in the RM; the best cultivar recorded 9.3 Mg ha−1 and 1.62 kg m−3, respectively. Findings suggest that attending to the full water demand under precision drip irrigation and appropriate cultivar selection can enhance upland rice production at significant levels.

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“…On the other hand, increasing yield potential by enhancing photosynthetic capacity is untouched. Advances in yield and biomass have been made possible by improving leaf photosynthetic rates in wheat (Driever et al, 2014;Makino, 2011) and rice (Alvarez et al, 2015;Makino, 2011;YE et al, 2019). However, leaf-level photosynthesis is not always directly related to crop yield (Driever et al, 2014;Long et al, 2006;Makino, 2011; YE et al, 2019) owing to the complexity of yield formation mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Relationships with Growth and Yield in Teff

Mihretie

Tsunekawa

Tsuji

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) is an important grain crop, but a paucity of research means that the mean yield is below 1.5 t ha−1. Its high genetic diversity has not been exploited to improve its yield potential. Previous efforts at increasing yield were based entirely on phenotypic, morphologic, and agronomic merits. However, photosynthetic capacity has been neglected, so its possible contributions to yield improvements remain unexplored. Results: We grew 15 teff cultivars in a controlled environment to explore variations in photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and examined the relationships of gas exchange and NUE before anthesis with growth and yield attributes. Substantial differences were found in leaf photosynthetic rate (19 ± 9 μmol m−2 s−1, mean ± SD), stomatal conductance (0.11 ± 0.09 mol m−2 s−1), and transpiration rate (2.4 ± 1.3 mmol m−2 s−1). The cultivars differed significantly (P < 0.05) in both NUE (190 ± 227 g m−2) and photosynthetic NUE (59 ± 34 µmol g−1s−1). On average, the plants partitioned 29% of N to leaf, 28% to panicle, and 13% to stem before anthesis. Yield and biomass production were closely associated with photosynthetic capacity and NUE. Clustering of the cultivars on the basis of photosynthesis, NUE, growth, and yield indicates wide variations in photosynthetic capacity and NUE in the wider teff gene pool that should be exploited. Conclusion: We conclude that leaf photosynthesis and NUE are positively related to yield and biomass production in teff.

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Leaf gas exchange and yield of three upland rice cultivars

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Trinexapac-Ethyl Affects Growth and Gas Exchange of Upland Rice

Trinexapac-Ethyl Affects Growth and Gas Exchange of Upland Rice

Physiology, yield, and water use efficiency of drip-irrigated upland rice cultivars subjected to water stress at and after flowering

Leaf Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Relationships with Growth and Yield in Teff

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