Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of the Microalga Pediastrum boryanum in Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema

Abstract

The potential use of microalgae in health has been the aim of different studies in the last years. This study investigated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of three different extracts of green microalga Pediastrum boryanum in an acute inflammation model in rats. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with lyophilized biomass, the phenolic compounds and the extracellular extracts of P. boryanum before the induction of paw edema by the intraplantar injection of carrageenan. The edema and the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined in the hind paw. Oxidative stress markers were analyzed in HIGHLIGHTS  P. boryanum as a source of bioactive compounds. P. boryanum biomass present anti-inflammatory properties. Phenolic compounds from P. boryanum are anti-inflammatory and antioxidants. 2 Corrêa da Silva, M.G.; et al.

In-Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antiinflammatory Potential of Hypnea Musciform (Rhodophyta) Collected from the Coastal Area of Karachi, Pakistan

“…Turning to the anti-inflammatory activity of Hypnea musciformis, our results indicated a concentration-dependent protective effect, aligning with a decrease in hemolysis as the extract concentration increased from 100 to 200 µg/ml. This suggests that the aqueous extract may stabilize the RBC membrane, thereby offering protection against hemolysis (22). A similar protective effect was reported by Silva M, et al, in 2022, wherein an ethanolic crude extract of P.chaba mirrored the efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid at 500 µg/ml (22).…”

“…This suggests that the aqueous extract may stabilize the RBC membrane, thereby offering protection against hemolysis (22). A similar protective effect was reported by Silva M, et al, in 2022, wherein an ethanolic crude extract of P.chaba mirrored the efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid at 500 µg/ml (22).…”

Dietary Pediastrum boryanum microalgal extract improves growth, enhances immunity, and regulates immune-related genes in Nile tilapia

“…Furthermore, the dietary addition of 0.5% of red algal extract ( Laurencia caspica ) to the Nile tilapia showed a significantly increased in lysozyme and IgM activities after 50 d [ 41 ]. It has been suggested that P. boryanum supplementation elicits B lymphocytes owing to its polysaccharide content, thereby augmenting both innate and adaptive immune responses [ 13 ]. Additionally, arachidonic acid, a precursor of biologically active prostaglandins and leukotrienes, promotes leukocyte chemotaxis, reactive oxygen species formation, and other pro-inflammatory effects [ 42 ].…”

“…Other studies concerning P. boryanum in other animal species revealed same effects as well, Ahmed et al [ 40 ], showed no statistical changes in liver enzyme levels (ALT and AST) or plasma albumin in New Zealand white rabbits fed Pediastrum spp. Silva et al [ 13 ] showed that the administration of various P. boryanum extracts did not alter the serum levels of the liver enzymes ALT and AST in rats. Fonseca et al [ 47 ] reported no significant increases in liver ALT and AST enzymes in mice orally administered 300 mg/kg or 2000 mg/kg freeze-dried P. boryanum biomass suspended in carboxymethyl cellulose.…”

“…P. boryanum is characterized by flat oval-shaped coenobia comprising 4, 8, 16, or 32 cells surrounded by marginal spines [ 11 ]. This ubiquitous freshwater microalga found in lakes and ponds has a rigid cell wall composed of pectin and cellulose [ 12 , 13 ]. The rigid cell wall confers stability and protects the nutritional content from degradation in the fish digestive system [ 14 ].…”