In Vivo Biological Effects of Marine Biosilica on a Tibial Bone Defect in Rats

Abstract

Research on biomaterials of natural origin has gained prominence in the literature. Above all, marine sponges, due to their architecture and structural components, present a promising potential for the engineering of bone tissue. In vitro studies demonstrate that a biosilica of marine sponges has osteogenic potential. However, in vivo works are needed to elucidate the interaction of biosilica (BS) and bone tissue. The objective of the study was to evaluate the morphological and chemical characteristics of BS compared to Bioglass (BG) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy (EDX) spectroscopy. In addition, to evaluate the biological effects of BS, through an experimental model of tibial bone defect using histopathological, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical (IHC) and mechanical tests. SEM and EDX demonstrated the successful extraction of BS. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that Control Group (GC) had greater formation of newly formed bone tissue compared to BG and BS, yet BG bone neoformation was greater than BS. However, BS showed material degradation and granulation tissue formation, with HIGHLIGHTS  BS was isolated from specimens of the marine sponge Tedania ignis collected in the north coast of São Paulo, Brazil. BS derived from marine sponges has been used as a promising raw material for bone grafts substitutes and tissue engineering proposes. The present work successfully obtained crystalline BS from marine sponges, able of properly interacting with bone tissue. The results are very inspiring toward further in vivo investigations. Cruz, M. A..; et al.

Injectable and Self-Healing Hydrogels with Double-Dynamic Bond Tunable Mechanical, Gel–Sol Transition and Drug Delivery Properties for Promoting Periodontium Regeneration in Periodontitis

“…Transforming growth factor TGF-β has a positive effect for stimulating matrix protein synthesis and bone cell proliferation and thereby promotes bone remodeling . IHC stainings of TGF-β were used to investigate the factors responsible for promoting regeneration of the alveolar bone (Figure a2–f2,i).…”

“…Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was carried out using TGF-β, IL-1, and TNF-α antibodies, following a standard protocol. Transforming growth factor TGF-β has a positive effect for stimulating matrix protein synthesis and bone cell proliferation and, thereby promotes bone remodeling . IHC stainings of TGF-β were used to investigate the factors for promoting regeneration of the alveolar bone.…”