Distribution and conservation of Aniba Aubl. (Lauraceae Jussieu) species in Brazil

Abstract

This study conducts a biogeographical review of Aniba in Brazil, including its actual and potential distribution, and a review on the species conservation status. The potential distribution of each Aniba species was modeled using the Brazilian Plants and Fungi Biogeography system, which is interconnected with the SpeciesLink network. A consensus model based on up to five algorithms was used to model the potential distribution of each species. The endemism, conservation status and rarity of each species in Brazil were also analyzed. A total of 3059 records of 30 Brazilian Aniba species were found. In total, 16.1% of the records were excluded because of the lack of valid names, and 53.4% were excluded because of the lack of georeference and name of the person who identified the record. The consensus model showed good results for species with 20 or more pixels. The other species had many errors, and their models could only be used to determine new areas for collections. Nine species were endemic to Brazil, and only three species showed no indicator of rarity. The geographical distribution of Brazilian Aniba species shows a predominantly Amazonian pattern. Only four species are not actually found in the Amazon. Some Amazonian species may also be found in Atlantic Forest areas, and many other species have the potential to live there. Our results indicate that only three species have no conservation problems, whereas 14 species have conservation problems, and 13 other species require further population studies to be best evaluated.

Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez (Lauraceae): A Review of Ethnobotany, Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Properties

“…Native to the plains and solid ground forests of the Amazon rainforest and Guyana, A. canelilla is adaptable to different types of soils, including regions of solid or semi-deciduous forests, lowland areas, rocky outcrops and rocky soils, poorly drained soils, and clay and sandy soils (Franciscon et al, 2018). This species extends from the Antilles, Guyana high lands to the dry lands of Brazil.…”

“…Sm., Cryptocarya canelilla Kunth, and others] stands out for its diversity economic and medicinal applications. This species of Lauraceae is an aromatic medium-sized tree, native from solid ground and semideciduous forests of South America, known as casca-preciosa (precious bark), falsa-canela (fake cinnamon), casca-domaranhão (maranhão bark), and folha-preciosa (precious leaf), (Gottlieb and Magalhães, 1960b;Kubitzki and Renner, 1982;Ribeiro et al, 1999;Franciscon et al, 2018;Tropicos.org, 2019). Among its characteristics, the cinnamon-like aroma stands out, is even linked to the history of its discovery.…”

Essential Oil Composition and DNA Barcode and Identification of Aniba species (Lauraceae) Growing in the Amazon Region

“…The recognition of the Lauraceae taxa, and the Aniba genus, in particular, is a difficult task due to the lack of morphological characters that can be used objectively and also due to the low level of sampling in the Amazon, which makes most species poorly represented in herbaria [27][28][29][30]. Some factors also hamper accurate identification: The use of common names for the species, which sometimes do not correspond to the scientific name; the rare collecting of fertile specimens, either for comparison in herbaria or by experts [31]. The identification methods have recently been gradually expanding to new techniques such as DNA-based identification [2,32].…”

Chemical and Genotypic Variations in Aniba rosiodora from the Brazilian Amazon Forest

“…Aniba rosiodora is distributed along the northern part of South America, spreading through Northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guiana, Surinam, Venezuela, and Peru [ 5 ]. In Brazil, rosewood occurs in the western region of the Amazonian Basin in the states of Amazonas and Pará, where sparse rosewood forests remain [ 6 , 7 ].…”

“…A number of varieties within rosewood have been recognized in the past, but are all currently considered synonyms of a single species, A. rosiodora [ 5 ]. Due to extreme difficulties in distinguishing specimens based on morphology [ 7 ], it is not known whether the phytochemical variants align with the taxonomic varieties. The majority of the studies focused on the chemical and genetic variability in plants from the Amazon State [ 11 , 12 ].…”