Hematological and renoprotective effects of folic acid and lentil extract in diclofenac sodium exposed rats

Abstract

Excessive intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as, diclofenac sodium (DS) may lead to toxicity in the rats. In this work, we aimed to examine the protective impact of lentil extract (LE) and folic acid (FA) on the hematological markers, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal function against diclofenac sodium (DS) in male albino rats. The rats (120-150 g) were divided into four equal groups randomly, the first group kept as the untreated control. The second group was administrated with DS (11.6 mg/kg b.wt. orally once/day). The third group was received DS+FA (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+76.9 microgram/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. The fourth group was treated with DS+LE (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+500 mg/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. After four weeks, the results revealed that DS produced a significant decrease in the values of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and white blood cells (WBCs). On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the platelets count. Also, DS induced a renal deterioration; this was evidenced by the significant increase in the serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, Na, Ca, Mg as well as the nitric oxide (NO) level in the kidney tissue. Also, there were a significant reduction in the serum levels of potassium (K) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney homogenates. Moreover, the findings in the rats treated by DS+LE or DS+FA showed a potential protection on the hematological markers, oxidative stress in the kidney tissue and the renal function disturbed by DS. LE and FA could play a potent role for the prevention the adverse hematological, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal dysfunction caused by DS via their anti-oxidative and bioactive phytochemicals.

Antiurolithiatic effect of a polyherbal formulation against sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis in rats

“…Lens culinaris (lentil) belongs to family Leguminoceae and is categorized as one of the best important traditional ingredient according to FAO (1998). Lentil contains many dietary vitamins such as folate and vitamin B2 beside its magnesium, selenium, zinc, iron, and potassium content (Abdel-Rahman & Abdel-Baky, 2021;Rico et al, 2021). Also, lentil has the greatest antioxidant potency due to its flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acid, isoflavones, and anthocyanins (Rico et al, 2021).…”

Anti-urolithiatic effect of a polyherbal formulation against sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis in rats

“…Lens culinaris (lentil) belongs to family Leguminoceae and is categorized as one of the best important traditional ingredient according to FAO [8]. Lentil contains many dietary vitamins such as folate and vitamin B2 beside its magnesium, selenium, zinc, iron, and potassium content [9,10]. Also, lentil has greatest antioxidant potency due to its avonols, hydroxycinnamic acid, iso avones, and anthocyaninidins [10].…”