Resource use efficiency of cotton in improved vs conventional planting geometry with exogenous application of bio-stimulant and synthetic growth retardant

Abstract

Plant growth regulators and improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. A field study was planned to assess the role of growth regulators in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars under different row spacing at Agronomic Research Area, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan and Usmania Agricultural Farm, Shujaabad during Kharif 2012. The study was comprised of cotton cultivars viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and improved ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) and foliar spray of growth regulators viz. moringa leaf extract (MLE) and mepiquat chloride (MC), either alone or in combination, distilled water as a control. The application of MLE alone and in combination (MLE + MC) showed the promoting effect on crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area index, leaf area duration, sympodial branches and number of bolls leading to higher seed cotton yield of both cotton cultivars grown under conventional row spacing. While application of MC averts the plant growth without considerably improving the productivity. MLE being rich source of growth promoting hormone and nutrients showed its potential to a far greater extent under conventional row spacing in efficient utilization of available resources compared to MC and distilled water. Eficiência do uso de recursos do algodão na geometria de plantio melhoradavs convencional com aplicação exógena de bioestimulante e retardante de crescimento sintético Resumo Reguladores de crescimento de plantas e melhor densidade de plantio são técnicas inovadoras no estabelecimento de culturas mais produtivas de algodão. Um estudo de campo foi planejado com o objetivo de avaliar o papel dos reguladores de crescimento na eficiência de uso de recursos de cultivares de algodão sob diferentes espaçamentos na Área de Pesquisa Agronômica, da Universidade Multil de Bahauddin Zakariya, e na Fazenda Agrícola da Usmania, Shujabad, durante o Kharif 2012. O estudo foi composto de cultivares de algodão CIM-573 e CIM-598, cultivados em espaçamento de linhas convencional (75 cm), médio (50 cm) e superestreito (25 cm) e de pulverização foliar de reguladores de crescimento, a saber, extrato de folhas de moringa (MLE) e cloreto de mepiquat (MC), isoladamente ou em combinação, e água destilada como controle. A aplicação de MLE isoladamente e em combinação (MLE + MC) mostrou efeito promotor na taxa de crescimento da cultura, taxa de assimilação líquida, índice de área foliar, duração de área foliar, ramos simpodiais e número de cápsulas levando à maior produção de algodão nas cultivares com espaçamento de linha convencional. Em contrapartida, a aplicação de MC evitou o crescimento da planta sem melhorar consideravelmente a produtividade. O MLE, por ser uma rica fonte de hormônio promotor de crescimento e nutrientes, mostrou seu potencial em uma extensão muito maior sob o espaçamento convencional entre as linhas no uso eficiente dos recursos disponíveis em comparação com o MC e a água...

Competency of groundwater recharge of irrigated cotton field subjacent to sowing methods, plastic mulch, water productivity, and yield under climate change

“…Thereby, agronomical practices that enhance the water productivity and stabilize cotton yield need to be implemented as a resilience factor under risk’s climate change. Bed planting (conventional row spacing) of cotton has shown ameliorative plant growth, nutrient uptake, and efficient use of available water resources (Hussain et al 2021 ). Thus, bed planting without mulching could be better opt for cotton sowing, water productivity, and cotton yield.…”

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices

“…Meanwhile, the cumulative water fluxes were reported more in flood irrigation over mulched drip irrigation (Jin et al 2018). Besides, the bed planting (conventional row spacing) of cotton has shown ameliorative plant growth, nutrients uptake, and efficient use of available water resources (Hussain et al 2021). Therefore, the estimated results strengthen all other advantages of bed planting, i.e., water-saving, uniform distribution, good crop.…”

Effect of Plant Distribution Patterns and Growth Regulators on Morphological, Yield and Technological Characters of Egyptian Cotton

“…In this regard, other researchers reported that number of squares/plant was increased by application of 1 ml MC/L (Abdel-Aal et al, 2011) and kinetin at 20 ppm (Kassem et al, 2009). Moreover, number of bolls/plant was increased by the application of NAA (Parveen et al, 2017) and MC (Priyanka andDalvi., 2019 andHussain et al, 2021). On the other hand, many investigators found that abscission percentage could be decreased by foliar application of NAA at rate of 30 ppm (Sabale et al, 2017 andGeethanjali et al, 2018).…”

“…The superiority of boll weight may be due to the increase in the photosynthetic production and photoassimilate translocation from leaves to fruits (Zhao and Oosterhuis, 2000). Boll weight and seed index could be increased by application of 30 ppm NAA (Kataria and Khanpara, 2011), and 42 g MC /ha (Hussain et al, 2021) compared to unsprayed cotton plants.…”