Effect of Plant Distribution Patterns and Growth Regulators on Morphological, Yield and Technological Characters of Egyptian Cotton

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt during 2019 and 2020 seasons to study the effect of plant distribution patterns i.e. D1 (sowing cotton in furrows 70 cm width in one ridge with 25 cm between hills and two plants/hill), D2 (sowing cotton in furrows 70 cm width in one ridge with 12.5 cm between hills and one plant/hill), D3 (sowing cotton in beds 140 cm width in two ridges with 25 cm between hills and two plants/hill), D4 (sowing cotton in beds 140 cm width in two ridges with 12.5 cm between hills and one plant/hill) and foliar application with plant growth regulators i.e. control, kinetin (15 ppm), naphthalene acetic acid (15 ppm), mepiquat chloride (100 ppm), mepiquat chloride + kinetin and mepiquat chloride + naphthalene acetic acid at 80 and 95 DAS and on light intensity, morphological traits, flowering and abscission, yield and its components and seed and fiber quality of Egyptian cotton (Giza 86 cv.). The results indicated that sowing cotton plants with D3 pattern surpassed the other plant distribution patterns in most studied characters, while D1 increased plant height but decreased fiber fineness. On the other hand, number of squares/plant, boll weight, 100-seed weight, fiber strength and uniformity index were not significantly affected by plant distribution patterns. Application of growth regulators either single or dual caused a positive effect. NAA or MC+NAA were the superior treatments in most characters studied. However, unsprayed cotton plants increased total abscission. It could be concluded that sowing plants in beds with plant distribution pattern (D3) and foliar application with 100 ppm MC at 80 DAS followed by 15 ppm NAA at 95 DAS was the best interaction treatment in comparison to other interaction treatments to obtain the highest values of light intensity, total dry weight/plant, number of open bolls / plant, seed cotton yield per plant and fed, oil yield /fed and protein yield /fed).

Eeffect of Planting Spaces and Topping Time on Productivity of Cotton Variety Super Giza 97

“…Walelgn (2020) reported that cotton fiber quality properties inclusive fiber length, micronaire reading and fiber strength were not influenced by the main effect of inter-and intra-row spacing. Ali et al (2021) indicated that fiber strength and length uniformity index were not significantly influenced by plant distribution systems. Altundag and Karademir (2021) found that the differences among planting spacings (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm) were not statistically significant for fibre micronaire, fibre length (mm), fibre strength and fibre uniformity (%).…”

“…In this concern, increasing plant spacing resulted in a greater seed cotton yield/fed (El-Shazly, 2020). Ali et al (2021) indicated that boll weight and 100-seed weight were not significantly affected by plant distribution patterns. Hu et al (2023) used 3 planting densities (75,000; 90,000 and 105,000 plants ha −1 ).…”

“…Tearing out the apex of the stem breaks apical control due to lower auxin levels and lets the side shoots to develop and grow such as compact flowering plants with greater yields of flowering and fruiting (Müller and Leyser, 2011). Also, due to the removal of shoot apex, the cytokinins content also improve which act as long-distance indicatives in adjusting the secondary growth and development in stems (Ali et al, 2021). Wang et al (2019) found that under the same topping method, the translocation rate of reproductive organ dry weight and leaf area index (LAI) increased with the increase of density, but the leaf area, dry matter accumulation and harvest index decreased, and the plant height changed little.…”

Sustaining the Yield of Maize, Blackgram, Greengram, Groundnut, Cotton, Sugarcane, and Coconut through the Application of Nutrients and Plant Growth Regulator Mixture

“…Boll shedding is one of the main factors contributing to yield loss in cotton, a problem that the application of NAA can mitigate. Due to its function in cell division and elongation, this causes increased fruiting branches and bolls [ 20 ]. Additionally, it has been discovered that salicylic acid improves physiological and biochemical functions, leading to improved crop growth and production [ 21 ].…”

Physiological Role of Nutrient Consortium for Improving the Yield in Cotton

“…NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid) can be applied to ameliorate the shedding effect of bolls which is one of the major causes for the yield loss. Its role in cell division and cell elongation paves the way in formation of more fruiting branches and bolls [9]. Salicylic acid (SA) also found to enhance various physiological and biochemical processes that results in better growth and productivity of the crop [10].…”