Diabetes mellitus requires clinical care and continuing education for the prevention of acute and chronic complications. The literature shows that educational interventions can promote, among other benefits, the reduction of the glycemic level, especially when they include, in practice, the changes of lifestyle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of an educational program, focused on self-care and concurrent physical training on glycemia and drug treatment in 15 diabetic patients. There was a higher frequency of female patients, in the sixth decade of life with a low level of schooling, a diagnosis time of less than 10 years, and the use of oral antidiabetics. It was observed a significant reduction of glycemic level (-58.1 mg/dL, p-value = 0.010) between the time of the study (T0 and T4), as well as the number of tablets of the main drugs prescribed: glibenclamide ® (p <0.005) and metformin ® (p <0.001), suggesting the existence of physiological adaptations induced by training. It is concluded that the proposed educational program, by including the regular and well-oriented practice of concurrent physical exercise, contributed to self-care and consequently to glycemic control in the sample studied.