Relationship between awareness of cervical cancer and HPV infection and attitudes towards HPV vaccine among women aged 15-49 years: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONAlthough the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased in developed countries over recent decades through effective screening programs, it continues to be an important health problem, especially in developing countries. With 569,847 new cases and 311,365 deaths worldwide in 2018, cervical cancer is expected to be the fourth most common type of cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women. Out of these deaths, 90% occur in underdeveloped or developing countries. In 2018, 2,356 new cases and 1,280 deaths related to cervical cancer were seen in Turkey. 1 Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. 2 It has been estimated that the lifetime probability of acquiring HPV exceeds 80% among women and 90% among men. 3 Different groups of HPVs exist, with different epithelial tropisms (cutaneous and mucosal) and life-cycle strategies. Many HPVs are classified as low risk (lrHPV) because they are very rarely associated with neoplasia or cancer in the general population. These lrHPVs typically cause indeterminate/undetectable infections or benign papillomas that can last for months or years but are eventually cleared by the host's immune system. High-risk HPV (hrHPV) types are the cause of many major human cancers, including almost all cases of cervical cancer, a large proportion of other anogenital cancers and an increasing number of head and neck tumors. 4 HPV infections can be temporary or permanent. Most cervical HPV infections (around 90%) are cleared by cell-mediated immunity within one to two years of exposure. In lrHPV infections, clearance occurs within a shorter period than in hrHPV infections.Among all HPV infections, 5%-10% cause persistent disease. 5Cervical cancer has a long preinvasive period due to lesions associated with persistent hrHPV infection. Early diagnosis of these preinvasive lesions using screening methods (HPV DNA tests,

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Towards Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Among Adult Women in Primary Health Care Centers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

“…Regarding awareness of the consequences of HPV infection, a considerable proportion of participants (41.6%) recognized that HPV can lead to cervical cancer, and 33.3% recognized that it can cause genital warts. These findings are in line with previous studies that have shown varying levels of awareness regarding the link between HPV and cervical cancer [ 20 , 21 ]. However, it is important to note that a significant proportion of participants were still unaware of these risks, highlighting the need for comprehensive educational campaigns to improve knowledge.…”

Assessment of Saudi Females’ Knowledge Regarding Human Papillomavirus Infection, Screening, and Available Methods for Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Study in Qassim Region

“…A total of 24.5% were moderate and only 4.4% were categorized as having a good level of knowledge (mean score: 3.56; SD 2.91, out of 11 points). These findings are consistent with the literature wherein most women demonstrated a lack of understanding regarding the basic facts of HPV, infection, screening, and prevention [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia, there has been a report that only a small proportion (17.4%) of Saudi females had good knowledge about cervical cancer [14].…”

Influência Da Vacina Do HPV Na Prevenção Do Câncer Do Colo Do Útero: Uma Revisão Sistemática

“…A figura 01 abaixo é o fluxograma prisma da seleção dos artigos usados no estudo. A partir dos artigos considerados elegíveis ao presente trabalho, realizou-se estudos nos quais pôde-se identificar que de acordo com Yurtçu et al (2022), o câncer de colo do útero é um tipo de câncer monitorado regularmente por meio de programas de rastreamento em todo o mundo e pode ser tratado rapidamente quando detectado. Os fatores importantes no tratamento dessa doença são o diagnóstico precoce e a conscientização da mulher.…”