Saúde materno-infantil em comunidades quilombolas no norte de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Objetivou-se descrever indicadores de saúde materno-infantil em comunidades quilombolas ao norte de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo transversal, de base populacional. Os dados foram coletados nos domiílios, alocados aleatoriamente, incluindo 411 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 49 anos e 234 crianças com idade igual ou inferior a cinco anos. A maioria das famílias (73,7%) referiu uma renda mensal inferior a um salário mínimo, e quase metade das mulheres entrevistadas (49,2%) tinha escolaridade inferior a quatro anos. O acesso à água tratada, esgotamento sanitário e coleta de lixo era limitado. A maioria das mulheres (52,1%) relatou a primeira gestação na adolescência e 35% relataram quatro ou mais gestações. A realização de exames preventivos para o câncer de colo uterino se mostrou irregular e 15,1% das mulheres nunca haviam feito o exame. Em relação ao ciclo gravídico-puerperal, 23,5% das mulheres referiram menos de seis consultas de pré-natal, 37,2% relataram início do pré-natal após o primeiro trimestre de gestação e 44,4% não fizeram consulta puerperal. Em relação às crianças, 15% nasceram com baixo peso, 9,4% tinham problemas crônicos de saúde e 40,6% não faziam uso regular de vitamina A. Os resultados destacam condições críticas de acesso aos cuidados de saúde.

Condições de saúde nas comunidades quilombolas

“…The marital situation and the lack of information about exams and contraceptive methods are listed as explanations for such events. 7,29 In addition to these unfavorable characteristics of health, the conditions of access corroborate to the increase of the iniquities. The difficulty of access to health services by reside in rural localities, devoid of collective transport, hinders the quality and accessibility of services, until the search by medicine.…”

“…[13][14] Thus, it is fundamental to the implementation of strategies to promote equity for the decrease of racial inequalities that involve the Quilombola groups as well as the enforcement of public policies of social inclusion standards. 3,7,[13][14] This integrative review showed studies about the health of the Quilombola communities, which are still very scarce in the literature, especially international research. However, present the basis for future investigations and in greater depth, contributing effectively to the scientific community and this population group.…”

“…Set up as a highly vulnerable population which reflects on health indicators. [7][8] Studies show that the Quilombola communities are demonstrating an epidemiological transition, showing a higher prevalence of chronic-degenerative diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, yet still have high rates of infectious diseases, infant mortality and nutritional deviations. [9][10][11] As regards the use of health services intended for the Quilombola population reveals that almost all the particularities of primary care are not adequately present in health care.…”

The use of the Delphi Method adjusted to evaluate the Stork Network: from Image-objective to Reality

“…With this program, there was an improvement in the scenario with the increase of resources destined to qualify the attention of the mother-child binomial. However, this situation once again showed great vulnerability related to this population group 3,4 , especially with the institutional crisis and the new cycle of contractionary policies in the SUS 4,5 .…”

“…However, the current conjuncture of changes in direction in the country's health policy resulted in a reduction in the articulation capacity of the program in the political agenda of SUS managers, leading to a reduction in spending, reverberating in the situation of SN with negative impact on mother and child follow-up 3,4,6 .…”