Private Self-consciousness, Self-reflection, Insight and Alcohol Consumption Among Young People and Adults

Leal, Cristyan Karla Nogueira; Faria, Gabriel Gonzaga Barbosa de; DeSouza, Mariane Lima

doi:10.1590/1413-82712019240403

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the appraisal phase, this study found that females performed better on online SRL ( M = 3.96) than males ( M = 3.68). This result is supported by Senler and Sungur-Vural (2014) and Leal et al (2019) who suggested that appraisal may cause females to be better at self-evaluation and help seeking than males. Self-assessment skills have been shown to be important for SRL, and training in these skills has been found to significantly enhance the effectiveness of SRL ( Kostons et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Gender Differences in Self-Regulated Online Learning During the COVID-19 Lockdown

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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Due to the spread of the epidemic around the world, online learning has received greater attention. Self-regulated learning (SRL) is an important factor for students to achieve academic success. This study investigated the gender differences in SRL and three sub-constructs of SRL in the context of online learning, that is the preparatory, performance, and appraisal phases. A total of 400 high school students (males = 125, females = 275) from China participated in this study. In order to identify whether there were gender differences in their self-regulated online learning (SROL), independent sample t-test was performed. The results showed that there were significant gender differences in the SROL (t = –3.334, p = 0.001 < 0.01, d = –0.410) and the three sub-constructs of SROL (preparatory: t = –0.702, p = 0.008 < 0.01, d = 0.018; performance: t = –3.801, p = 0.000 < 0.01, d = 0.456; appraisal: t = –3.120, p = 0.002 < 0.01, d = 0.361). The findings indicated that females performed better than males in all three dimensions of learners’ online self-regulated learning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Gender Differences in Self-Regulated Online Learning During the COVID-19 Lockdown

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…In fact, this role of self-reflection as a self-regulator was suggested by Leal, Faria and DeSouza (2019) in their study of alcohol consumption among young people. In this case, high scores on the two subfactors of private self-awareness (self-reflection and insight) were associated with reduced alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Video Game Interaction Related to Increased Present Attention in College Students

Rodrigues

Souza

2022

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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Action video games require a high level of attention and almost automatic psychomotor reactions from the player. Therefore, this study aims to verify the relationship between the amount of hours of interaction with action video games and private self-awareness and attention to the present moment. In total, 1,315 college students were recruited (M = 21.6 years; SD = 2.7), who responded to the Digital Entertainment and Information Use Questionnaire, the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale, and the Full Attention and Awareness Scale. Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s Post-Hoc Tests) indicated a relationship between hours of video game interaction, attention to the present, and self-reflection. It is concluded that playing action video games regularly and for a certain period of time is related to a lower predisposition to turn attention to oneself and to lower impulsivity, but to a higher disposition to focus on everyday experiences (attention to the present).

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“…19 For instance, emerging evidence links self-reflection with reduced inflammatory responses to acute psychological stressors (e.g., interleukin-6 and cortisol), 17,20 better cardiovascular health (e.g., reduced heart rate variability), 21 and improved mental health (e.g., recovery from major depressive disorder). 22,23 Furthermore, self-reflection has been associated with positive lifestyle factors, including greater engagement in health-promoting behaviors (e.g., lower alcohol consumption and greater physical exercise) 23,24 and high openness to experience, 19 which is posited to promote more frequent and intensive engagement in stimulating leisure activities.…”

Section: Trial Registration Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Self-reflection With Cognition and Brain Health in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives:Self-reflection (the active evaluation of ones thoughts, feelings and behaviours) can confer protection against adverse health outcomes. Its impact on markers sensitive to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), however, is unknown. The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between self-reflection and AD-sensitive markers.Methods:This study utilised baseline data from cognitively unimpaired older adults enrolled in the Age-Well clinical trial and older adults with subjective cognitive decline from the SCD-Well clinical trial. In both cohorts, self-reflection was measured via the reflective pondering subscale of the Rumination Response Scale, global cognition assessed via the Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite 5, and a modified late-life Lifestyle-for-Brain-Health (LIBRA) index computed to assess health and lifestyle factors. In Age-Well, glucose metabolism and amyloid deposition were quantified in AD-sensitive grey matter regions via FDG- and AV45-PET scans, respectively. Associations between self-reflection and AD-sensitive markers (global cognition, glucose metabolism, and amyloid deposition) were assessed via unadjusted and adjusted regressions. Further, we explored whether associations were independent of health and lifestyle factors. To control for multiple comparisons in Age-Well, false discovery rate corrected p-values (pFDR) are reported.Results:A total of 134 (mean age 69.3 ± 3.8 years, 61.9% female) Age-Well and 125 (mean age 72.6 ± 6.9 years, 65.6% female) SCD-Well participants were included. Across unadjusted and adjusted analyses self-reflection was positively associated with global cognition in both cohorts (Age-Well: adjusted-β = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05-0.40, pFDR = 0.041; SCD-Well: adjusted-β = 0.18, 95% CI 0.03-0.33, p = 0.023) and with glucose metabolism in Age-Well after adjustment for all covariates (adjusted-β = 0.29, 95% CI 0.03-0.55, pFDR = 0.041). Associations remained following additional adjustment for LIBRA but did not survive FDR correction. Self-reflection was not associated with amyloid deposition (adjusted-β = 0.13, 95% CI -0.07-0.34, pFDR = 0.189).Discussion:Self-reflection was associated with better global cognition in two independent cohorts and with higher glucose metabolism after adjustment for covariates. There was weak evidence that relationships were independent from health and lifestyle behaviours. Longitudinal and experimental studies are warranted to elucidate whether self-reflection helps preserve cognition and glucose metabolism, or whether reduced capacity to self-reflect is a harbinger of cognitive decline and glucose hypometabolism.Trial Registration:Age-Well: NCT02977819; SCD-Well: NCT03005652

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Private Self-consciousness, Self-reflection, Insight and Alcohol Consumption Among Young People and Adults

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Gender Differences in Self-Regulated Online Learning During the COVID-19 Lockdown

Gender Differences in Self-Regulated Online Learning During the COVID-19 Lockdown

Video Game Interaction Related to Increased Present Attention in College Students

Association of Self-reflection With Cognition and Brain Health in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults

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