Intimate Partner Violence and Gender A/Symmetry: An Integrative Literature Review

Abstract

Gender stereotypes have largely been discussed in the occurrence of marital violence, mainly in international literature. The objective was to map and analyze scientific literature, published between 2010 and 2015, using the databases ISI Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Medline Complete, PsycInfo e Scielo. Strings used were: a) first search strategy -"intimate partner violence" AND "gender symmetry"; b) second search strategy -"intimate partner violence" AND "gender asymmetry". We analyzed 48 journal articles entirely available online. Most publications are from The United States (60.41%) and use quantitative research designs (60.41%). The most frequently used instrument was the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2), even though criticized because of its checklist structure. Disagreement remains about gender a/symmetry in conjugal violence, however, an emerging perspective affirms that these cases should not be generalized and each couple's specificities must be assessed. National studies are necessary to contemplate different aspects of this phenomenon.

La impulsividad, la ira y las estrategias de poder como predictores de la violencia de pareja, con mujeres perpetradoras.

“…También es importante mencionar que diversos autores señalaron que la creencia social de que el hombre es más violento que la mujer forma parte de los estereotipos que perpetuán la educación propia de la masculinidad tóxica (Frieze et al, 2020;Razera et al, 2017;Scarduzio et al, 2016). Por ello, educar que la mujer que es violenta con su pareja vive enojada y busca controlar a su pareja forma parte de un cambio cultural en cuanto al cómo se percibe el ser hombre y el ser mujer, porque se señala que la mujer violenta se comporta de manera similar al hombre violento y esto resulta en un acto que desafía los estereotipos de género y favorece conceptualizaciones de género más sanas.…”

Direcionalidade da Violência em Casais Heterossexuais

“…Afirmar que determinada violência ocorre de uma única forma está suscetível à condução de práticas de intervenções enviesadas. Portanto, a preocupação central é pensar na saúde psíquica dos cônjuges, e não em encontrar vítimas e/ou culpados (Razera, Gaspodini, & Falcke, 2017). Novos modelos de intervenção precisam ser mais abrangentes, analisando questões relacionadas ao afeto, às crenças, ao significado e ao comportamento, além de investigações sobre o passado dos cônjuges (Brown, 2012;Moura et al, 2020) Frente ao exposto, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a direcionalidade da violência conjugal, considerando suas formas de manifestação (física, psicológica, coerção sexual e lesão corporal).…”

How do parole board members in England and Wales construct decisions about whether to release perpetrators of intimate partner violence from prison?

“…Research on parole decisions about perpetrators of IPV is limited, and complicated by the nature of IPV, which is arguably highly gendered (Anderson & Umberson, 2001; Johnson, 2006; Kimmel, 2002; Razera et al, 2017), occurs in private (creating greater uncertainty for decision‐makers), and overlaps numerous different offences. While the Government's recent introduction of the offence of ‘coercion and control’ (Myhill & Hohl, 2016) is specific to IPV, other relevant offences including murder, rape, assault and false imprisonment are not, though this is partly mitigated by the creation of a statutory definition of domestic abuse in the current Domestic Abuse Bill (Parliament, 2020).…”