Factors Associated with Mathematics Performance in Brazilian Basic Education

Abstract

Several studies have indicated that student performance is strongly influenced by school context. Within this frame of reference, the present study sought to identify contextual variables that affect proficiency in mathematics taking the multilevel structure of schools into consideration. The information of 4,338,885 students who participated in the Brazilian national assessment of educational progress of 2009 was used. Multilevel analysis showed an intra-class correlation of .27 and .19 for the 5th grade of elementary school and 9th grade of middle school, the last year of middle school. In both models, more than 50% of school level variance and more than 11% of the variance on student level was explained. The final model is composed of control variables, 13 student level variables, 9 school level variables, and random and interaction effects. The results contribute to a better comprehension of factors that affect school performance, which permits the orientation of public policies.

Local Government Performance: Evaluating Efficiency, Efficacy, and Effectiveness at the Basic Education Level

“…Hence, after discussions concerning local government performance of public education and the points of influence (Adu-Gyamfi, 2014; Aesaert et al, 2015;Carnoy et al, 2017;Olvera & Avellaneda, 2019), we can create a conceptual model to test Brazilian local governments at the basic education level, where sociodemographic and economic conditions could play a role in impacting the efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness of Brazilian municipalities (Garcia, Prearo, Romero, Secco, & Bassi, 2016;Lauro, Figueiredo, & Wanke, 2016;Matias, Quaglio, Oliveira, Lima, & Bertolin, 2018;Theunissen, Bosma, Verdonk, & Feron, 2015;Vinha, Karino, & Laros, 2016). Finally, in our paper, we are using the following concepts of efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness (Garcia et al, 2016;Matias et al, 2018;Vinha et al, 2016): (a) Efficiency also means cost-benefit, through which we can produce more with fewer resources -in our case, enrollments, students, and time; (b) Efficacy expresses the achievement of goals -in our case, the approval rate; (c) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Effectiveness demonstrates a higher impact concerning municipality performance -in our case, basic education index.…”

“…The state of São Paulo is considered the second best based on the human development index and second highest in the number of municipalities among the states (IBGE 2010). The data were collected using 12 indicators, collected in 2009, 2011, and 2013 (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira [Inep] 2019; Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados [Seade] 2019), and divided into sociodemographic, economic, efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness dimensions (Garcia et al 2016;Matias et al, 2018;Vinha et al, 2016). Exploring the database and after eliminating the outliers, our sample continued, with 1,329 observations.…”

“…Exploring the database and after eliminating the outliers, our sample continued, with 1,329 observations. The dimensions are based on municipality responsibilities, which is basic education until 5 th grade in the elementary school curriculum (Garcia et al, 2016;Matias et al, 2018;Vinha et al, 2016). The municipalities from the state of São Paulo were chosen due to their well-structured database, population variation, and regional characteristics, as noted in Avellaneda and Gomes (2015).…”

“…The Microsoft Excel software was used to perform the processes before the statistical analysis. Noteworthy here is the non-consensus among studies concerning the subject of the chosen dimensions and indicators, which we solve by using the current bibliography (Garcia et al, 2016;Matias et al, 2018;Vinha et al, 2016).…”

O que explica o desempenho dos estudantes? Um estudo de revisão

“…O estudo de Castro e Tiezzi (2005) e Medeiros Filho et al (2019) evidencia que alunos de escolas privadas na Educação Básica denotam melhores performances em avaliações em larga escala do que os de escolas públicas. Alguns fatores são atribuídos a essas diferenças, como por exemplo: a infraestrutura, o corpo docente, o clima escolar, dentre outros (HAGUETE; PESSOA; VIDAL, 2016; GAXIOLA; ARMENTA, 2016; KARINO; LAROS, 2016; LOBO; CASSUCE;CIRINO, 2016;PEREIRA, 2016;CASTIGO, 2017;HIPPOLYTO, 2018;VINHA;KLEINKE, 2017;.…”