Associação entre insatisfação com a imagem corporal e aptidão física relacionada à saúde em adolescentes

Abstract

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal e verificar a associação entre a insatisfação pela magreza e pelo excesso de peso e componentes da aptidão física relacionada à saúde em adolescentes. Participaram 1.058 adolescentes (570 moças e 488 rapazes), com média de idade de 16,3(± 1,0) anos. As variáveis investigadas foram a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (escala de silhuetas), e as relativas à aptidão física relacionada à saúde: adiposidade corporal (dobras cutâneas), força muscular (preensão manual) e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (teste mCAFT). A associação entre a imagem corporal e as variáveis de aptidão física foi testada por meio da Regressão Multinomial. A prevalência de insatisfação corporal foi de 75,2% (moças = 79,5%; rapazes = 70,3%). Moças e rapazes com adiposidade corporal elevada tiveram menor chance de insatisfação pela magreza e maior chance de insatisfação pelo excesso de peso. Os que necessitavam melhorar a força muscular e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória tiveram maior chance de insatisfação pela magreza e pelo excesso de peso, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a aptidão física relacionada à saúde esteve associada à imagem corporal, sendo que os adolescentes com níveis menos saudáveis dos diferentes componentes foram os mais insatisfeitos.

Prevalence of Brazilian children and adolescents who met health criteria for aerobic fitness: systematic review update for Report Card Brazil Project

“…The characteristics of the 13 studies included in the review are shown in Table 1. Seven studies were carried out in the southern region, with three studies in the state of Paraná 20,29,31 , two studies in Santa Catarina 19,22 and two studies in Rio Grande do Sul 26,30 . Four studies 23,25,27,28 were carried out in the northeastern region (Piauí, Bahia, Ceará and Paraíba, respectively), one study 21 was carried out in the northern region (Amazonas) and one study 24 was carried out considering all regions of the country (Northern, Northeastern, Midwestern, Southeastern and Southern).…”

“…The evaluated population covered the age group of 3-19 years. Eleven studies had cross-sectional design [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]29,30 , one study had longitudinal design 19 and one was an intervention study 28 (Table 1).…”

“…Studies verified the aerobic fitness of children and / or adolescents through different tests: 6-minute walk / run test 21,26,27 , 9-minute walk / run test, Mcaft test 19,22,24,30,31 , 20-meter shuttle-run test 20,23,29 and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test 28 . Different cutoff points were found in literature, and the cutoff point most widely used was proposed by PROESP-BR31.…”

Report Card Brazil: systematic review of muscle strength assessment in children and adolescents in Brazil

“…The references of included studies were analyzed in order to identify possible information on the theme not verified during the systematic search; however, no additional studies in relation to those previously identified were included. Thus, 13 studies [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] were included in this review (Figure 1).…”

Body image dissatisfaction in adolescents: Comparison with physical activity, teasing and social support

“…A high prevalence of body image dissatisfaction has been observed in adolescents of both genders and from different countries, such as Brazil (Claumann et al, 2019), Portugal (Coelho et al, 2016), Thailand (Chongwatpol and Gate, 2016) and Iran (Garrusi and Baneshi, 2017). In general, there are several factors that may contribute to body image dissatisfaction in individuals of different age groups, such as biological, psychological and sociocultural factors (Cash and Smolak, 2011).…”