Post Traumatic Stress Disorder/PTSD in adolescent victims of sexual abuse: resilience and social support as protection factors

Hébert, Martine; Lavoie, Francine; Blais, Martin

doi:10.1590/1413-81232014193.15972013

Cited by 74 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Among these adverse life events, child maltreatment has been identified as linked to negative consequences that can persist into adulthood (Gilbert et al, 2009;Herrenkohl et al, 2013;Norman et al, 2012). A growing body of literature also reveals that a minority of maltreated children will not present with mental health problems, and will therefore adapt positively to young adulthood (Daigneault et al, 2007;Hébert et al, 2014;McGloin and Widom, 2001). In parallel, research has underscored social support as one of the critical factors preventing the development of psychopathology (Chu et al, 2010;Cohen, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of the impact of child maltreatment and friend support on psychological distress trajectory: From adolescence to emerging adulthood

Dion

Matte‐Gagné

Daigneault

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of the impact of child maltreatment and friend support on psychological distress trajectory: From adolescence to emerging adulthood

Dion

Matte‐Gagné

Daigneault

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Adaptive functioning with regards to mental health is also evident in sexually abused or assaulted children and adolescents (Daigneault et al 2007a;Hébert et al 2014;Domhardt et al 2014), which has prompted research on identifying protective factors associated with resilience or adaptive functioning (Marriott et al 2014;McClure et al 2008;Spaccarelli and Kim 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a host of studies suggest that even in the face of severe forms of childhood maltreatment such as sexual abuse or assault, some youth may overcome these traumatic experiences without apparent symptoms (Daigneault et al 2007b;Kendall-Tackett et al 1993;Putnam 2003;Hébert et al 2014). Static factors such as the characteristics of the abusive events have typically been considered in explaining the variability in outcomes presented by youth: the most severe CSA (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault

et al. 2016

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Acknowledgements: The first three authors are members of the "Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les problèmes conjugaux et les agressions sexuelles" (CRIPCAS) and the "Équipe violence sexuelle et santé" (ÉVISSA), both research groups on sexual abuse. This research was supported by a grant from the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. We thank school directors, teachers and students for their generous collaboration in this project, as well as research assistants, in particular Erika Bacon, Results reveal that mindfulness acted as a mediator of post-traumatic symptoms, as CSA was associated with lower levels of mindfulness, which in turn were associated with more post-traumatic symptoms. On the other hand, mindfulness only acted as a moderator of CSA for anger and anxiety, but not in the expected direction. Further investigation is needed to shed light on the moderator role of mindfulness in sexually abused youth.Running head: SEXUAL ABUSE OR ASSAULT AND MINDFULNESS 3

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“…assessed the prevalence of dating victimization in the past 12 months among 9,900 highschool students. Prevalence rates of all forms of dating violence victimization were found to be higher among teenage girls than for boys, namely physical only (6.6% vs. 4.1%), sexual only (8.0% vs. 2.9%), both physical and sexual (6.4% vs. 3.3%) and either physical or sexual (20.9% vs. 10.4%).Recent studies have shown that a history of CSA is associated with an increased risk of experiencing continued victimization in interpersonal relationships, including dating relationships (Feiring et al, 2013;Gagné, Lavoie, & Hébert, 2005;Hamby, Finkelhor, & Turner, 2012;Hébert, Lavoie, & Blais, 2014a;Shorey, Zucosky, Febres, Brasfield, & Stuart, 2013). Yet, as with adult samples, the bulk of studies have focused largely on samples of girls and few have conducted specific analyses for boys.…”

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confidence: 99%

Child Sexual Abuse as a Risk Factor for Teen Dating Violence: Findings from a Representative Sample of Quebec Youth

Hébert

Moreau

Blais

et al. 2016

Journ Child Adol Trauma

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Child sexual abuse (CSA) is identified as a significant risk factor for later victimization in the context of adult intimate relationships, but less is known about the risk associated with CSA in early romantic relationships. This paper aims to document the association between CSA and teen dating victimization in a large representative sample of Quebec high-school students. As part of the Youths ' Romantic Relationships Project, 8,194 teens completed measures on CSA and psychological, physical and sexual dating violence. After controlling for other interpersonal traumas, results show that CSA contributed to all three forms of dating victimization among both boys and girls. The heightened risk of revictimization appears to be stronger for male victims of CSA. Intervention and prevention efforts are clearly needed to reduce the vulnerability of male and female victims of sexual abuse who are entering the crucial phase of adolescence and first romantic relationships. Keywords sexual abuse; dating violence; interpersonal trauma; revictimizationChild sexual abuse (CSA) is internationally recognized as significant public health issue (Anda et al., 2006; World Health Organization, 2006). According to a meta-analysis of 217 studies from various countries published between 1980 and 2008, the prevalence of sexual abuse before the age of 18 is estimated at 18% for women and 7.6 % for men (Stoltenborgh, van IJzendoorn, Euser, & Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2011).Past studies have shown unequivocally that a history of sexual abuse increases the likelihood of lifetime psychopathology (MacMillan et al., 2014) often characterized by posttraumatic stress symptoms, depression, substance abuse and dissociation. A particularly alarming outcome of CSA is increased suicidal ideations and suicide attempts, with stronger associations found among males than females (Bhatta, Jefferis, Kavadas, Alemagno, & Shaffer-King, 2014;Martin, Bergen, Richardson, Roeger, & Allison, 2004). However, what remains less documented are the shorter-term outcomes associated with CSA, more specifically those experienced during adolescence. This age group is of particular interest CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscriptsince it is during this developmental period that youth experience their first romantic relationships, with accompanying challenges related to intimacy and sexuality. Such developmental changes can prove to be particularly difficult for sexually abused youth since they can trigger a resurgence of negative emotions and reactions related to the trauma (Wekerle & Wolfe, 2003). Victims of CSA often develop feelings of shame, self-blame and powerlessness that can persist long after the abuse and shape the way they interpret and react to social cues (Feiring, Simon, Cleland, & Barrett, 2013). In addition, feelings of stigmatization can disrupt the development of efficient self-protection strategies and interpersonal skills, including problem-solving and conflict resolution (Banyard, Arnold, & Smith, 2000;Feiring & Clel...

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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder/PTSD in adolescent victims of sexual abuse: resilience and social support as protection factors

Cited by 74 publications

References 41 publications

A prospective study of the impact of child maltreatment and friend support on psychological distress trajectory: From adolescence to emerging adulthood

A prospective study of the impact of child maltreatment and friend support on psychological distress trajectory: From adolescence to emerging adulthood

Mindfulness as Mediator and Moderator of Post-traumatic Symptomatology in Adolescence Following Childhood Sexual Abuse or Assault

Child Sexual Abuse as a Risk Factor for Teen Dating Violence: Findings from a Representative Sample of Quebec Youth

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