Replacement of fluorspar in the desulfurization of hot metal

Abstract

In the steel industry, lime is used as a desulfurizing agent and fluorspar as flux in the hot metal desulfurization process. However there are environmental concerns regarding the use of fluorspar, even when its harmful effects are not fully known. In order to reduce such risks and also to anticipate possible future restrictions, which could undermine the sustainability of steel production, it is proposed to replace the fluorspar for alternative materials in the composition of the desulfurizing lime based mixture. For this purpose new mixtures using aluminum dross, ilmenite, sodalite and ulexite were tested, comparing them with a reference mixture containing fluorspar. The impact of these mixtures on the refractories commonly used in hot metal pretreatment was also checked, since this is an important cost parameter for the steel industries. The laboratory tests showed ulexite as a feasible substitute since the lime (84.03%)-ulexite (10.97%)-graphite (5%) mixture presented the highest desulfurization ratio and low refractory wear (less than the standard fluorspar mixture). The sodalite mixture was the worst by comparison. The ilmenite and aluminum dross mixtures showed similar behavior when compared to the fluorspar mixture.

Effect of White Mud Addition on Desulfurization Rate of Molten Steel

“…Additionally, the fluorine in CaF 2 is released from industrial slag as fluoride silicate gas, which is well known to be harmful. [11,[14][15][16][17][18] When the fluorine-containing slag is dumped, high-fluorine soil can be formed, and the fluorine is dissolved in rain or groundwater, which pollutes the environment. [19,20] So, the amount of CaF 2 used industrially should be decreased for environmental reasons.…”