Preparation of Zinc Oxide-Nanoclay Hybrids by Alkaline Ion Exchange Method

Abstract

ZnO/nanoclay hybrids are synthesized by a single-step solid-state reaction using ZnCl 2 as a reagent. These hybrids were prepared by a simple alkaline ion exchange method, without using any surfactant or chelating agents. By adjusting the reagent's immersion time in molten salt, production of pure ZnO/nanoclay hybrids was achieved. Synthesized hybrids were characterized by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, XRD, XRF and SEM. SEM confirmed increased nanoclay porosity. The XRD pattern of the ZnO/nanoclay indicated small changes in the intensity and position of the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite. Antibacterial activity of the hybrids against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were assessed using disc diffusion. The results show that the antibacterial efficiency of the hybrid is not influenced by the time or the temperature of ion exchange, but is affected by bacterial type.

Application of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles immobilized on clay in wastewater treatment: a review

“…The antibacterial study on ZnO-nanoclay hybrids against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was conducted under the influence of contact time and temperature by Garshasbi et al (2017). The nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.…”

Application of Nanoclay in the Removal of Fluoride from Water: A Review

“…Cation Exchange: Montmorillonite, a type of smectite clay, can be modified through cation exchange reactions. This involves replacing the exchangeable cations on the clay's interlayer with other metal cations, which can enhance the clay's adsorption capacity for fluoride ions (Ghorbanpour et al, 2018).…”

“…Fluoride ions, being negatively charged, can undergo ion exchange with the exchangeable cations present on the surface of nanoclay particles, such as sodium, potassium, or calcium ions. This mechanism involves the replacement of the exchangeable cations with fluoride ions, leading to their removal from the aqueous solution (Ghorbanpour et al, 2018). Therefore the performance mechanism of nanoclay adsorbents for fluoride removal involves a combination of physical and chemical interactions, including surface adsorption, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, complexation, and pH-dependent processes.…”

Removal of asphaltene by solid‐phase iron exchanged bentonite

“…Besides, they are unstable over time and expensive. To overcome these drawbacks, the immobilization of nanoparticles on a suitable substrate is applied 10,11 . On the other hand, one of the extensively studied adsorbents is clays mineral 12,13 .…”

“…To overcome these drawbacks, the immobilization of nanoparticles on a suitable substrate is applied. 10,11 On the other hand, one of the extensively studied adsorbents is clays mineral. 12,13 Among various kinds of clays, bentonite is one of the interesting and low-cost selections, which has been applied widely in the catalysis and adsorption process.…”