Continuous catalyst-free production of esters from Jatropha curcas L. oil under supercritical ethanol

Silva, C.; Colonelli, T.A.S.; Silva, E. A.; Cabral, Vladimir Ferreira; Oliveira, J. Vladimir; Cardozo‐Filho, Lúcio

doi:10.1590/0104-6632.20140313s00002709

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…A tubular reactor with a fixed bed was used to conduct the reactions with mixture containing CSO and MA (obtained from the low pressure extraction, Figure 1a), as shown in Figure 1b. [ 43–46 ] This mixture was kept under constant stirring and then directed to the reaction system, with the aid of a high pressure liquid pump. The reactions were conducted with the operating temperature ranging from 300 to 375 °C, monitored with thermocouples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Product from Low Pressure Extraction (Crambe Seed Oil and Methyl Acetate) for Synthesis of Methyl Esters and Triacetin Under Supercritical Conditions

Postaue

Mello

Cardozo‐Filho

et al. 2020

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Methyl esters (ME) and triacetin production from the supercritical interesterification of the product from low pressure extraction (crambe seed oil and methyl acetate) are evaluated. Reactions are conducted at 300-375°C for different residence times, at 20 MPa, and under these conditions the thermal stability of triacetin is evaluated. The effect of the free fatty acid (FFA) concentration (in oil) is determined. An increase in temperature favors the formation of ME and triacetin at shorter reaction times. At 375°C, after 15 min a drop in the ME yield is observed and triacetin is not detected. A reduction in the triacetin concentration (reaching ≈99%) is observed at 375°C. High FFA concentration (in oil) initially provided higher product generation, however, after 15 min no influence is observed. The highest ME yield (≈60%) is obtained at 300°C, along with 1.22 wt% triacetin and ≈5.0 wt% unreacted compounds. Practical Applications: This paper reports new experimental data on an integrated process for the production of methyl esters from low pressure extraction (crambe seeds and methyl acetate) and supercritical reaction of the extraction mixture. The technique used allows the removal of a high quantity of oil from good quality crambe seeds. The viability of applying the integrated process to obtain oils with a high content of free fatty acids is verified, promoting the obtainment of relatively simple methyl esters. The procedure does not require oil purification and solvent recovery prior to the reaction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Product from Low Pressure Extraction (Crambe Seed Oil and Methyl Acetate) for Synthesis of Methyl Esters and Triacetin Under Supercritical Conditions

Postaue

Mello

Cardozo‐Filho

et al. 2020

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…In relation to the system pressure, this variable can positively affect the yield, mainly due to the influence on the density and the viscosity of the fluid near the critical point. This effect generally provides increases in yield values in esters …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other authors also investigate the use of continuous reactors, and the effect of temperature on the reaction yield is more evident . Silva et al reported in their study that the effect of temperature is more pronounced in the early reaction times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors also investigate the use of continuous reactors, and the effect of temperature on the reaction yield is more evident. [17][18][19] Silva et al [19] reported in their study that the effect of temperature is more pronounced in the early reaction times. However, Abdala et al, [20] using supercritical frying oil, methanol, and ethanol, concluded that the best ester yields are obtained at higher temperatures, but these authors observed high thermal decomposition values due to the severe process conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect generally provides increases in yield values in esters. [17] Several raw materials are being used for biodiesel production: soybean oil, [21,22] Cerbera odollam, [23] coconut oil, [24] sunflower oil, [14] palm oil, [25] etc. In this scenario, cottonseed oil, rich in unsaturated triglycerides (75.02 %), emerges as a promising raw material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the use of Gossypium hirsutum oil and supercritical ethanol for the production of ethyl esters in non‐catalytic process

et al. 2017

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The search for new sources of energy requires more and more interaction between the economical and technological viabilities associated with social development, increasing, in this manner, the interest in raw materials that generate regional development. Thus, this work analyzed the viability of ethyl esters production (biodiesel) from Gossypium hirsutum L. (cottonseed oil) without the use of a catalyst, in a continuous supercritical reactor. The reactions occurred at a tubular reactor, under 15 MPa and 20 MPa of pressure, reaction time (3.75–50 min), molar ratio of oil:alcohol (1:30–1:50), and temperature (250–400 °C). The maximum yield obtained was 75.05 % at 375 °C, under 20 or 15 MPa of pressure, molar ratio of oil:ethanol 1:40, and reaction times 30 and 40 min, respectively. A significant influence of the temperature on yield in esters was verified, but there was also thermal degradation under high temperatures, which caused a decrease in the ester's yield. The high content of polyunsaturated acids present in cotton oil possibly hampered the process of transesterification in long periods of reaction time and high temperatures.

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Continuous Transesterification Reaction of Residual Frying Oil with Pressurized Ethanol Using KF/Clay as Catalyst

Zempulski

Trentini

Milinsk

et al. 2020

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The efficiency of a heterogeneous potassium fluoride (KF)/clay catalyst in continuous ester production from residual frying oil using pressurized ethanol is evaluated. Reactions without catalysts are conducted to determine the effect of the catalyst on ester yield. To verify the performance of the catalyst, the reactions are conducted for 3 h with determination of the ester yield every 30 min and characterization of the catalyst after each reaction. The influence of the temperature, catalyst mass used in the catalytic bed, and the residence time are evaluated. KF/clay is found to be efficient in ester synthesis and provides better results compared with non-catalytic reactions and the formation of esters is favored on increasing the temperature. The ester yields remain stable over time at 275 and 300°C but at 225 and 250°C the yields decrease by 48.42% and 38.40%, respectively. This may be due to the lower diffusion coefficient at these temperatures, implying that the reaction occurs preferentially at the catalyst surface. There is an increase in yield with an increase in the catalyst mass up to 2 g. The catalyst maintains its morphological characteristics after the reaction and the average mass loss in each reaction is <8%. Practical Applications: Transesterification at high temperature under pressurized conditions has great potential in biodiesel production, due to the efficiency in obtaining esters in short reaction times. In addition, the use of inexpensive and easily obtained clay-based catalysts contributes to higher yields and allows milder operating conditions. These factors make it possible to obtain biodiesel using a low-cost raw material (residual frying oil), under pressurized conditions, which will be of interest worldwide due to the various benefits linked to its use.

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Continuous catalyst-free production of esters from Jatropha curcas L. oil under supercritical ethanol

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Use of the Product from Low Pressure Extraction (Crambe Seed Oil and Methyl Acetate) for Synthesis of Methyl Esters and Triacetin Under Supercritical Conditions

Use of the Product from Low Pressure Extraction (Crambe Seed Oil and Methyl Acetate) for Synthesis of Methyl Esters and Triacetin Under Supercritical Conditions

Evaluation of the use of Gossypium hirsutum oil and supercritical ethanol for the production of ethyl esters in non‐catalytic process

Continuous Transesterification Reaction of Residual Frying Oil with Pressurized Ethanol Using KF/Clay as Catalyst

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