Nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in individuals with HIV/ AIDS attended in a Brazilian Teaching Hospital

Reinato, Lilian Andreia Fleck; Pio, Daiana Patrícia Marchetti; Lopes, Letícia Pimenta; Pereira, Fernanda Maria Vieira; Lopes, Ana Elisa Ricci; Gir, Elucir

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.3067.2359

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has been evidenced from an erstwhile study that nasal colonization with both S. aureus and MRSA is relatively common among HIV patients and appears to be associated with an increased risk of subsequent MRSA infections by the same colonizing strain [6]. Several prior studies from various regions of the world showed a diverse range in the prevalence of nasal colonization of S. aureus and MRSA among HIV patients [7][8][9]. Moreover, strains of MRSA are attaining high resistance to the existing antibiotics, thereby underscoring an immediate need to develop novel antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV patients of Arba Minch province, Ethiopia: Carriage rates, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation

Manilal

Shewangizaw

Mama

et al. 2019

AMicr

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients of Ethiopia. This study aimed at delineating the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm-forming potentials of nasally colonized MRSA among HIV patients in the Arba Minch province of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was performed in HIV patients who visit anti-retroviral therapy clinic of the Arba Minch Hospital between February and April 2017. Nasal samples were collected and inspected for Staphylococcus following standard procedures. MRSA was identified using cefoxitin disk and antibiotics sensitivity test was performed as per Kirby-Baur disk diffusion method. The formation of biofilm was inspected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 307 HIV patients were examined. The overall prevalence of S. aureus was found to be 39.7%. The prevalence of MRSA was 20.8%. The rate of nasal colonization of MRSA was relatively higher among females. In bivariate analysis, MRSA colonization was statistically significant in patients with CD 4 count ≤350 (p value = 0.002) and co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (p value = 0.003). Concomitant resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole were 48.4%, 45.3%, and 39.0%, respectively. Invariably, all MRSA isolates were 100% sensitive to vancomycin. Of the 64 MRSA isolates, 18.7% were considered as multidrug-resistant. The rate of biofilm formation was 34.3%. The results revealed a high prevalence rate in the nasal colonization of MRSA in HIV patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV patients of Arba Minch province, Ethiopia: Carriage rates, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation

Manilal

Shewangizaw

Mama

et al. 2019

AMicr

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“…20,23 However, the contrast finding was also reported. 24,25 The higher MRSA colonization rate in females in this geographical region may be due to lack of awareness to their health and hygiene. It's a fact that about 65% of the patients (75% females) have received only a primary level education which might be a factor constructive for keeping good hygiene and resulting in more MRSA colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nasal isolates of HIV infected patients in a tertiary care hospital

Diwakar

Goyal

2019

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Patients infected with HIV have an increased risk of nasal Staphylococcus aureus carriage as well as consecutive staphylococcal infections and is a major reservoir for MRSA which is potential risk factors for community acquired MRSA. Knowing the Nasal carriage status of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiogram will be beneficial for effective management of these patients.Methods: Nasal swab sample were collected from all the participants and processed for culture and identification of Staphylococcus aureus and their antimicrobial sensitivity. All the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for Methicillin resistance by Oxacillin screen agar test, cefoxitin disc diffusion test and further confirmed by mecA gene PCR.Results: In this study out of 220 HIV seropositive patients, 43.64% isolates were confirmed to be S. aureus, 18.75% MRSA and 81.25% were MSSA. Cefoxitin disc diffusion showed 100% specificity (95% CI; 97.05%-100.00%), 100% sensitivity (95% CI; 83.89-100.00%) and 100% accuracy (95% CI; 97.47% to 100.00%) while comparing with gold standard mecA gene PCR. Among the nasal carriers; males (60%) ware dominant on females (40%). 31-50 years age group was strongly associated with MRSA nasal carriage. None of the isolates were resistant against lenozolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin while ampicillin (75%), ciprofloxacin (62.5%), clindamycin (59.38%) and cotrimoxazole (53.13%) showed increased resistance against S. aureus nasal carriage.Conclusions: Resistance among HIV positive persons for all antibiotics showed statistically significant while compared to control group. Cefoxitin disc diffusion can be used as surrogate agent for mecA gene detection.

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“…Coloniza facilmente pregas cutâneas, narinas, períneo, axilas e vagina e é um importante patógeno de doenças do tecido mole, de pele, osso, trato urinário e infecções oportunistas. 23 As infecções por S. aureus ocorrem mais frequentemente em pessoas colonizadas com o micro-organismo, sendo o carreador de longo tempo o fator de risco mais fortemente associado à infecção subsequente. 24 S. aureus MRSA apresentam vários fatores ou "padrões" genéticos que podem aumentar sua virulência ou podem causar síndromes clínicas importantes.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Microorganisms present after use of Unna’s boot from ulcers venous patient

Melo¹,

Damasceno²,

Medeiros³

et al. 2017

Medicina (Ribeirão Preto)

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Modelo do Estudo: Foi realizado um estudo individual, analítico, observacional, longitudinal prospectivo, controlado, estudo de coortes concorrente, realizado no período de abril de 2013 a novembro de 2014. Objetivo: Avaliar a microbiota presente no exudato da úlcera venosa de pacientes com “Bota de Unna” e a sua resistência aos antimicrobianos. Métodos: Foram coletadas amostras do exudato de feridas de pacientes com o uso de “Bota de Unna” e de terapia tópica durante a troca do curativo e após sete dias. Os micro-organismos isolados foram identificados e testados quanto à susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos: Resultado: Os micro-organismos Gram positivos isolados foram: S. aureus, E. faecalis, S. xylosus e S. haemolyticus. Os micro-organismos Gram negativos foram: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. plymuthica, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, P. stuartii, P. vulgaris, A. hydrophila, S. marcescens, A.baumannii, E. cloacae e Tatumella sp. O percentual de crescimento e a microbiota no exudato da úlcera após sete dias não foi significante entre os dois tipos de curativo. O aumento de resistência dos cocos Gram positivos aos antimicrobianos testados nos pacientes que utilizam a “Bota de Unna” foi maior do que nos pacientes sem bota (p=0,0093). Conclusão: O número de micro-organismos na microbiota do exudato da úlcera venosa após troca do curativo é maior independentemente do tipo do curativo. Os cocos Gram-positivos apresentam aumento de resistência aos antimicrobianos nos pacientes que utilizam a “Bota de Unna”.

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Nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in individuals with HIV/ AIDS attended in a Brazilian Teaching Hospital

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV patients of Arba Minch province, Ethiopia: Carriage rates, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV patients of Arba Minch province, Ethiopia: Carriage rates, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation

Resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nasal isolates of HIV infected patients in a tertiary care hospital

Microorganisms present after use of Unna’s boot from ulcers venous patient

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