Nursing care procedures in response to adverse events to blood donation

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify types of adverse events, clinical manifestations and nursing care procedures adopted in response to adverse events to blood donation, and to verify the association between these procedures and the adverse events. This was an epidemiological, retrospective study conducted through analysis of 1369 records of treatment of adverse events to blood donation, during the period between January 2009 and December 2011. Descriptive statistics and contingency tables were used to analyze associations through the use of Cramér's V. A total of 92.6% of adverse events were classified as mild, and clinical manifestations were malaise, dizziness, pallor and sweating. The Trendelenburg position, vital signs monitoring, oral hydration and directions for care after blood donation were the main procedures adopted. A statistical significance was observed between the nursing procedures and the types of adverse events. The results point to the critical role of nursing in treating adverse events to blood donation.

Profile of blood donors who presented adverse reactions to the donation

“…On the other hand, the data found in another study, carried out in a hemocenter of the Triângulo Mineiro (9) , show that there is no gender distinction in the adverse reactions. According to the study, the difference between the development of injuries for male and female donors was 2.2%, that is, data not very expressive when compared to the findings of this research, 32%.…”

“…As to the gender of the predominant public to the donation, a study (9) does not reveal or distinguish between genders. However, as in the hemocenter of Santa Catarina State, HEMOPA -Hemocenter of Pará State, has mostly male donors.…”

“…Regarding the age group of donors, one study (9) shows that the younger clientele tends to develop more adverse reactions than the other ages. According to the authors, these values correspond to 68.5% of the reactions presented, similar to that found in this study of 64.4%, aged between 16 and 30.…”

“…As for donors' marital status, a study carried out in the Triângulo Mineiro (9) demonstrated that 62% were single, whereas 28% were married. When compared to the results presented in the present study, it is observed that the values approach expressively, in Santa Catarina State, in 2014: 474 donors (60.77%) declared themselves single, whereas 205 (26.28 %) said they were married.…”

“…Therefore, it is up to nurses of the hemotherapy services to know this potential population, as well as to encourage their staff to perform a systematized care. To this end, it is necessary to motivate and promote the continuing education of its team, favoring the dissemination of public policies to encourage voluntary blood donation, becoming one of the references in the elaboration of strategies capable of sensitizing society (9) .…”