Seasonality of soil water exchange in the soybean growing season in southern Brazil

Moreira, Virnei Silva; Roberti, Débora Regina; Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes; Goncalves, L.; Cândido, Luiz Antônio; Fiorin, Jackson Ernani; Moraes, Osvaldo L. L.; Timm, Andréa Ucker; Carlesso, Reimar; Degrazia, Gervásio Annes

doi:10.1590/0103-9016-2014-0056

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The total water requirement in the soybean crop is around 411 mm per cycle (MOREIRA et al, 2015); however, the daily water requirement may increase as the plant develops, reaching the maximum during flowering and grain filling (7 to 8 mm / day), decreasing after this period (EMBRAPA, 2011), Rainfall distribution throughout the soybean cycle was a medium of 3.66 mm day -1 . Thus, if that would be well distributed during the soybean season growth, this water depth is enough; however, at the phenological stage of soybean flowering, there was a short period with water deficit, where potential evapotranspiration values exceeded the accumulated rainfall balance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean and Wheat Response to Cropping and Tillage System After Two Decades in an Oxisol

Moraes

Debiasi

Franchini

2017

RSA

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-No-tillage system have been a mainly conservationist system specially in tropical and subtropical climate conditions. The aim of this work was to evaluate yield components and morphological soybean and wheat in Rhodic Eutrudox under tillage and cropping systems in Subtropical climate (Londrina, Brazil, latitude 23º11'S; longitude 51º11'W; and 620 m in altitude). This study was carried with five tillage and two cropping systems, on completely randomized block design, with four replications. Tillage systems consisted of conventional tillage with disk harrow; minimum tillage with annual chiselling; minimum tillage with chiselling every three years; no-tillage for 11 years; and no-tillage for 24 years. The factor cropping systems was represented by crop rotation and crop succession. In the soybean crop were evaluated yield, mass of 1000 grains, plant height, and first pod insertion of soybean, chlorophyll content and the vegetation index normalized difference. Furthermore, for the wheat cropping was evaluated the grain yield and hectolitre weight. Soybean and wheat grain yields were not changed due to cropping systems. Soybeans yield in no-tillage with 24 years was higher than in conventional tillage; and soybean and wheat yields were not affected by times under no-till adoption. Soil chiselling not favoured increased in productivity of soybean and wheat. Thus, soil chiselling under this climate conditions is an unnecessary practice due to absence of productive and morphological improvement for soybean and wheat cropping.Keyword: no-tillage system; long-term experiment; Glycine max; Triticum aestivum.Resumo -O sistema plantio direto tem sido um dos principais sistemas conservacionistas dos solos em regiões tropicais e subtropicais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar parâmetros de rendimento e morfológicos de soja e de trigo em Latossolo Vermelho sob sistemas de manejo e modelos de produção em região de clima Subtropical (Londrina, Brasil, latitude 23º11'S; longitude 51º11'W; e 620 m de altitude). O delineamento de blocos ao acaso foi usado, em esquema fatorial, com cinco preparos, dois modelos de produção e quatro repetições. Os preparos do solo incluíram o convencional; mínimo escarificado anualmente ou a cada três anos; sistema plantio direto com 11 anos; e sistema plantio direto com 24 anos. O fator sistema de cultivo foi comporto por rotação e sucessão de culturas. Na cultura de soja foi avaliada a produtividade de grãos, massa de mil grãos, altura de plantas e de inserção do primeiro legume, teores de clorofila e índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada, já na cultura de trigo foram avaliadas a produtividade e o pH dos grãos. As produtividades de grãos de soja e de trigo não foram alteradas em função dos modelos de produção. Entre os tempos de adoção do sistema plantio direto não houve diferenças de produção de grãos, sendo maior do que no preparo convencional. A escarificação do solo não incrementou a produtividade de grãos das culturas. Assim, a escarificação do solo sob as condições edafocl...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean and Wheat Response to Cropping and Tillage System After Two Decades in an Oxisol

Moraes

Debiasi

Franchini

2017

RSA

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“…Turbulent fluxes were corrected for inadequate sensor frequency response following standard methods (Aubinet et al, 2000;Moreira et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most studies have focused on forest ecosystems and grasslands (Aires et al, 2008;Merbold et al, 2009;Otieno et al, 2010;Wolf et al, 2011;Krishnan et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2014) and only a minority has concentrated on croplands, as example maize and soybean (Béziat et al, 2009;HernandezRamirez et al, 2011;Moreira et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily and seasonal patterns of CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration in maize-grass intercropping

Machado

Lima

Antonino

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TStudies that investigate the relationships between CO 2 fluxes and evapotranspiration (ET) are important for predicting how agricultural ecosystems will respond to climate changes. However, none was made on the maize-grass intercropping system in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the ET and CO 2 fluxes in a signal grass pasture intercropped with maize, in São João, Pernambuco, Brazil, in a drought year. Furthermore, the soil water storage (SWS) and leaf area index (LAI) were determined. The latent heat flux was the main consumer of the available energy and the daily and seasonal ET and CO 2 variations were mainly controlled by rainfall, through the changes in soil water content and consequently in SWS. The agroecosystem acted as an atmospheric carbon source, during drier periods and lower LAI, and as an atmospheric carbon sink, during wetter periods and higher LAI values. In a dry year, the intercropping sequestered 2.9 t C ha . This study showed strong seasonal fluctuations in maize-grass intercropping CO 2 fluxes, due to seasonality of rainfall, and that this agroecosystem is vulnerable to low SWS, with significant reduction in CO 2 uptake during these periods.Variação diária e sazonal dos fluxos de CO 2 e evapotranspiração no consórcio milho-pastagem R E S U M O Estudos que investiguem a relação entre os fluxos de CO 2 e a evapotranspiração (ET) são importantes para predizer como os agroecossistemas responderão às mudanças climáticas globais porém até o momento nenhum foi realizado no consórcio milho-pastagem no Nordeste do Brasil razão por que o objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a ET e os fluxos de CO 2 no consórcio milho-braquiária em São João, PE, em um ano de seca. Também foram medidos o armazenamento de água no solo (AAS) e o índice de área foliar (IAF). O fluxo de calor latente foi o principal consumidor da energia disponível e as variações da ET e dos fluxos de CO 2 foram controladas pela precipitação pluvial, por meio das mudanças na umidade do solo e, consequentemente, no AAS. O consórcio atuou como fonte de CO 2 atmosférico durante os períodos mais secos e de menor IAF e atuou como sumidouro de CO 2 atmosférico durante os períodos mais úmidos e de maior IAF. Em um ano seco o consórcio sequestrou 2,9 t C ha -1 o equivalente a 8,0 kg C ha -1 d -1. Esta pesquisa constatou que há fortes flutuações sazonais nos fluxos de CO 2 do consórcio devido à sazonalidade da precipitação pluvial demonstrando que este agroecossistema é vulnerável aos baixos AAS com redução significante do sequestro de CO 2 atmosférico, durante esses períodos.

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“…The soybean growth stages were determined using the phenological scale proposed by Fehr and Caviness (1977). Details about the site and these growing season characteristics are given in Moreira et al (2015).…”

Section: Site and Crop Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transpiration (T ) process is affected more significantly by the availability of soil water than by the residual layer over the soil. However, the no tillage soil with the straw layer can modify the soil structure over time (Moreira et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Properties in Different Management Systems: Estimating Soybean Water Changes in the Agro-IBIS Model

et al. 2018

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The water balance in agricultural cropping systems is dependent on the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the soil and the type of farming, both of which are sensitive to the soil management. Most models that describe the interaction between the surface and the atmosphere do not efficiently represent the physical differences across different soil management areas. In this study, the authors analyzed the dynamics of the water exchange in f Corresponding author: Debora Regina Roberti, debora@ufsm.br the agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) model (Agro-IBIS) in the presence of different physical soil properties because of the different long-term soil management systems. The experimental soil properties were obtained from two management systems, no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) in a long-term experiment in southern Brazil in the soybean growing season of 2009/10. To simulate NT management, this study modified the top soil layer in the model to represent the residual layer. Moreover, a mathematical adjustment to the computation of leaf area index (LAI) is suggested to obtain a better representation of the grain fill to the physiological maturity period. The water exchange dynamics simulated using Agro-IBIS were compared against experimental data collected from both tillage systems. The results show that the model well represented the water dynamics in the soil and the evapotranspiration (ET) in both management systems, in particular during the wet periods. Better results were found for the conventional tillage management system for the water balance. However, with the incorporation of a residual layer and soil properties in NT, the model improved the estimation of evapotranspiration by 6%. The ability of the Agro-IBIS model to estimate ET indicates its potential application in future climate scenarios.

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Seasonality of soil water exchange in the soybean growing season in southern Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Soybean and Wheat Response to Cropping and Tillage System After Two Decades in an Oxisol

Soybean and Wheat Response to Cropping and Tillage System After Two Decades in an Oxisol

Daily and seasonal patterns of CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration in maize-grass intercropping

Influence of Soil Properties in Different Management Systems: Estimating Soybean Water Changes in the Agro-IBIS Model

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