Differential behavior of the summer cover crops in the absorption and translocation of copper

Abstract

Phytoremediation is an alternative technique used to treat copper-contaminated soils. The objective of this research was to explore the behavior of nine summer cover crops regarding the growth, absorption and translocation of copper in soils with contamination levels exceeding the Value of Prevention, with a view to selecting plants for phytoremediation programs. In the experiments the Cambisol was contaminated with copper, added in doses of 0, 100, 200, 400, 500 and 600mg kg-1, in which the following nine plants were cultivated under greenhouse conditions: Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Dolichos lablad, Mucuna cinereum, Mucuna aterrima, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Pennisetum glaucum and Paspalum notatum. At 90 days after sowing the plants were evaluated for dry mass of shoot and root, Cu, N, P, K, Ca, Zn, and Fe levels in the shoot and Cu in the roots. High soil Cu levels induced a decline in the phosphorus absorption by the plants. Canavalia ensiformis displayed high potential for phytoextraction as these plants could translocate high copper concentrations to the aerial plant parts, while the Mucuna cinereum and M. aterrima are indicated for the copper phytostabilization programs, due to the high copper accumulation in their root systems.

Copper Accumulation and Distribution in Two Arboreal Species of the Atlantic Forest

“…The Cu soil available content was extracted by 0.1 mol L -1 DTPA solution (Büll & Bertani, 2001) and the extract was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Perkin Elmer 2380, Norwalk, USA) with inductive plasma. The Translocation Index (Ti) was determined by dividing the Cu concentration in stems and shoots (mg kg -1 dry mass) by the Cu contents in roots (mg kg -1 dry mass), as recommended by Vendruscolo et al (2018).…”

Physiological and biochemical changes in tree seedlings in an urban forest soil contaminated with copper

“…The differences in Cu translocation rates and root accumulation capacity between S. terebinthifolia and E. uni ora may be explained by different biochemical mechanisms governing the levels of root retention existing in each species (Silva et al 2015). The ability to limit the translocation of heavy metals to the shoots and retain them in the roots is a tolerance indicator (Vendruscolo et al 2018). Therefore, it is possible to assume that S. terebinthifolia is more tolerant to excess copper in the soil than E. uni ora.…”

“…The translocation index (Ti) was determined by dividing copper concentration in shoots (Cu leaves + Cu stem ) by copper concentration in roots (Vendruscolo et al 2018): Cu shoots / Cu roots . The Bioaccumulation factor (Bf) was calculated by dividing copper concentration in root tissue by copper concentration in the soil (Zang et al 2020): Cu roots / Cu soil .…”

“…Species tolerant to the toxicity of contaminated soil are indispensable for vegetation restoration in contaminated areas since they can grow and develop in spite of these limiting factors (Silva et al 2011). Some species have acquired the ability to tolerate heavy metals and can ourish in contaminated soils, nding a use in phytoremediation for removing/retaining contaminants (Vendruscolo et al 2018). Tree species native to the Atlantic Forest display favorable characteristics for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals as a result of their dynamic growth, high biomass production and the presence of adaptive mechanisms to new environments (Caires et al 2011).…”

Implantação e avaliação de um sistema para tratamento de água cinza

“…Esse processo é baseado na capacidade que a zona radicular das plantas tem de biotransformar moléculas orgânicas exógenas. A rizosfera, como é denominada esta zona, tem sido desde então estudada por sua importante função de utilizar moléculas poluentes como fonte de nutrientes para os diversos microrganismos que coabitam nesta região (VENDRUSCOLO, et al 2018). A grande vantagem desta técnica reside no seu baixo custo de implantação e manutenção, que a torna uma solução com muita potencialidade para contaminantes que se estendem por grandes áreas ou onde haja limitados recursos financeiros (LUIZ, et.…”