Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for weanling pigs

Santana, Marconi Bonfim de; Melo, Antônio Diego Brandão; Cruz, Daniel Ribeiro; Garbossa, César Augusto Pospissil; Andrade, Carla de; Cantarelli, Vinícius de Souza; Costa, Leandro Batista

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20140407

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…TRAESEL et al (2011), SOUSA et al (2013), and SANTANA et al (2015 evaluated the albicans --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Peel--------------------------------------------------------------------------------10% 3.33 ± 0.33 0.17 ± 0.17 a 0.17 ± 0.17 a 0.17 ± 0.17 20% 3.17 ± 0.31 1.50 ± 0.22 0.67 ± 0.21 0.17 ± 0.17 30% 2.67 ± 0.21 3.00 ± 0.37 b 1.17 ± 0.17 b 0.17 ± 0. 17 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Pulp--------------------------------------------------------------------------------10% 4.00 ± 0.45 0.17 ± 0.17 1.17 ± 0.17 0.17 ± 0.17 a 20%…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

2017

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Microbial resistance is a serious public health problem, which has led to the search for alternative treatments to replace antibiotics, including studies to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of species in Brazil’s Cerrado. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of genipap, baru, and taruma against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using disc diffusion tests and microdilution. Results indicated that all genipap extracts showed inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum microbicidal concentrations (MMCs) ranging between 150μg/mL and 940μg/mL against all microorganisms tested. Baru pulp extracts exhibited larger inhibition zones against S. aureus and MIC and MMC results between 150µg/mL and 1000µg/mL against all microorganisms except P. aeruginosa. The taruma 30% pulp and seed extracts exhibited the largest halos against S. aureus and MIC and MMC results were between 150μg/mL and 1000μg/mL against all microorganisms except C. albicans. All fruits displayed potential for antimicrobial activity, particularly the genipap’s pulp extracts. Further studies should be performed to identify compounds with antimicrobial activity and to test their applicability as preservatives in foods, as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, and as sanitizing agents.

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

2017

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“…In addition to major changes in the microbiota, the main concern with the extensive use of antibiotics is the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, which has already been extensively demonstrated [ 27 , 28 ]. For these reasons, the development of novel non-antibiotic strategies to prevent infection in food-producing animals, subsequently increasing animal productivity, has been a topic of intense research in the swine industry [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Bacterial Communities of Pigs with or without Respiratory Clinical Signs: From Weaning to Finishing Phase

Rampelotto

Santos

Varela

et al. 2022

Biology

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A prospective study was conducted to identify bacterial communities in the nasal and laryngeal cavities of pigs with or without clinical signs of respiratory disease in a longitudinal fashion, from weaning to the finishing phase. Nasal and laryngeal swabs were collected from asymptomatic pigs (n = 30), as well as from pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease (n = 30) at the end of the weaning (T1—33 days) phase, end of the nursery phase (T2—71 days), and finishing (T3—173 days). Total DNA was extracted from each sample, and the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Principal coordinates analysis indicated no significant differences between the nasal and laryngeal bacterial communities. Nevertheless, the microbiota composition in the upper respiratory tract (URT) was clearly distinct between animals, with or without signs of respiratory disease, particularly at post-weaning and the end of nursery. In pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease, Actinobacillus, Streptococcus Porphyromonas, Veillonella, and an unclassified genus of Pasteurellaceae were more abundant than in pigs with no signs. Metabolic prediction identified 28 differentially abundant pathways, mainly related to carbohydrate, energy, amino acid, anaerobic, and nucleotide metabolism in symptomatic pigs (especially in T2). These findings provide evidence that the composition of the URT bacterial microbiota differs significantly when comparing pigs with or without respiratory clinical signs after weaning, and this difference is maintained in the nursery phase; such differences, however, were not evident at the finishing phase.

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“…In weaned piglets, most of the studies (12) showed that dietary colistin supplementation at 12 to 200 mg/kg feed had positive growth-promoting effects in piglets (Guerra et al (2007), 12 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Mazutti et al (2016), 20 mg colistin/kg feed; Yang et al (2012) and Yu et al (2017), 20 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Cui et al ( 2019), 40 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Sbardella et al (2016) and Silva-J unior et al (2020), 40 mg colistin/kg feed; Wan et al (2015), 60 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Cao et al (2019), 100 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Kong et al (2007), Liu et al (2016) and Yin et al (2009), 200 mg colistin/kg feed). Only in two studies no growth-promoting effects of colistin in piglets were observed when administered in the diet (Santana et al (2015), 40 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed; Conde et al (2001), 150 mg colistin/kg feed). When administered at 2,000 mg colistin sulfate/kg feed, colistin showed negative effects in growth in weaned piglets (Furbeyre et al, 2017).…”

Section: Pigsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the study of Santana et al. ( 2015 ), a total of 90 piglets (unspecified breed/genotype; 21‐day‐old, BW 6.35 kg) were distributed in 30 pens in groups of three animals and allocated to five dietary treatments. Two basal diets (21–35 days and 35–56 days) were either not supplemented or supplemented with different treatments.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 9: Polymyxins: colistin

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The specific concentrations of colistin in non-target feed for food-producing animals, below which there would not be an effect on the emergence of, and/or selection for, resistance in bacteria relevant for human and animal health, as well as the specific antimicrobial concentrations in feed which have an effect in terms of growth promotion/increased yield were assessed by EFSA in collaboration with EMA. Details of the methodology used for this assessment, associated data gaps and uncertainties, are presented in a separate document. To address antimicrobial resistance, the Feed Antimicrobial Resistance Selection Concentration (FARSC) model developed specifically for the assessment was applied. However, due to the lack of data on the parameters required to calculate the FARSC, it was not possible to conclude the assessment until further experimental data become available. To address growth promotion, data from scientific publications obtained from an extensive literature review were used. Levels of colistin in feed that showed to have an effect on growth promotion/increased yield were reported. It was recommended to carry out studies to generate the data that are required to fill the gaps which prevented the calculation of the FARSC for these antimicrobials.

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Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for weanling pigs

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the addition of sodium butyrate, plant extracts and nucleotides on weanling

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

Comparative Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Bacterial Communities of Pigs with or without Respiratory Clinical Signs: From Weaning to Finishing Phase

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 9: Polymyxins: colistin

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Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for weanling pigs

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the addition of sodium butyrate, plant extracts and nucleotides on weanling

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma

Comparative Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Bacterial Communities of Pigs with or without Respiratory Clinical Signs: From Weaning to Finishing Phase

Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 9: Polymyxins: colistin

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Maximum levels of cross‐contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non‐target feed. Part 9: Polymyxins: colistin