Luto, pathos e clínica: uma leitura fenomenológica

Abstract

Abstract:The comprehension of bereavement has undergone profound changes in its theoretical and practical aspects, with relevant repercussions in the recent version of DSM. Not only the cultural context but also the clinical psychology has profoundly impacted its understanding. Phenomenological-existential psychology studies the phenomena as lived experiences in the world, contributing with the thought on the experiential and pathic character of bereavement. This study aims to present bereavement in this perspective, and its implications for clinical psychology. When we submit the phenomenon of bereavement to epoché, we find evidence of intersubjectivity. It is an experience that begins with the abrupt suppression of the other as corporeality, which breaks the habitual meanings of the life-world. In the face of meaning suspension, it is proposed that the clinical setting allows the resumption and re-signification of the interrupted narratives, against a new life-world opened on the outside of the horizon of theoretical predeterminations.

A clínica do luto e seus critérios diagnósticos: possíveis contribuições de Tatossian

“…The clinical process makes explicit the opening of possibilities of new meanings for the being-with, maintaining the presence of those who were lost -no longer as intercorporeity -but by the very condition of absence, incorporated in the new way of being of those who are mourning. After all, the relationship between the bereaved and the deceased has the meaning gave by those who experienced it, which leads us to understand that the resignification of this relationship can never be achieved in a heteronomical way (Freitas, 2018). Here we highlight the relevance of the anticipatory-liberatory assistance in the psychotherapeutic process of bereaved people.…”

“…However, recovery is often attempted by therapies that impose tasks that do not make sense to the bereaved and their significations of the world. Such overcome being impossible; we emphasize that resignifying bereavement implies respecting the new condition of the bereaved, in which new possibilities of being manifest themselves and are evidenced precisely by the absence-presence of the one who died (Freitas, 2018;Freitas et al, 2015). When resignifying the relationship with the deceased, the conditions imposed by the abrupt suppression of this other in the life of the bereaved are respected, allowing them to incorporate, in their new lifeworld, the presence-absence of those who are gone.…”

“…Hence, at least in this two-month period, the bereaved could not receive the diagnosis of depression. Another point present in the debate was the election of possible criteria to determine what would distinguish a considered "normal" mourning from a "complicated" or "pathological" one (Freitas, 2018).…”

“…Bereavement, from this perspective, can be understood as an experience that begins with the death of a loved one and with the consequent and abrupt deletion of the (inter)corporeity in the bereaved existential field, since, suddenly, that living body the other was, becomes a mere object (Freitas, 2018). The loss of this other, with whom a temporality is shared and with whom the bereaved is sensitively related, is experienced as the loss of a shared life-world (Freitas, Michel, & Zomkowski, 2015).…”

“A Questão Da Técnica” Em Heidegger: Considerações Sobre a Clínica Psicológica

“…Perde-se o sentido clínico da relação terapêutica. Em sua origem grega, clínica (klinike tekhne, klinikos) remete à leito, repouso (Cunha, 2012) e o método clínico estaria vinculado a debruçar-se sobre o outro (Doron & Tarot, 2017;Freitas, 2018), abrigando a possibilidade deste outro se revelar naquilo que é, isto é, na sua singularidade.…”