Climatologia de Chuvas Intensas no Município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

ResumoNeste trabalho elabora-se uma climatologia de eventos de chuvas intensas (ECIs) no Município do Rio de Janeiro (MRJ) a partir dos dados observados pelo Sistema Alerta Rio no período 1997-2016. Um critério objetivo de identificação de ECIs é avaliado, confrontando-se dados de chuva com informações sobre os transtornos deflagrados por tais eventos sobre a cidade. O critério estabelece que um ECI se caracteriza por um total pluviométrico diário igual ou superior a seu percentil 95, com ocorrência no mesmo dia de pelo menos um registro de chuva em 15 minutos também igual ou superior a seu percentil 95. Ademais a climatologia da precipitação no MRJ é revisitada. Os resultados indicam que 33% do total pluviométrico anual médio no MRJ (1192 mm) ocorre durante 6,6 ECIs. Os máximos (mínimos) de ECIs são observados no Sumaré e Mendanha (na Saúde e Tijuca), numa média 30 dias por ano. Em média os ECIs ocorrem com maior frequência no verão (43,7%), seguido do outono (30,9%), na primavera (18,2%) e inverno (7,2%). Nota-se em geral uma tendência de aumento no número de ECIs durante o período analisado. AbstractIn this work a climatology of Heavy Rainfall Events (HREs) is elaborated for the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro (MRJ), based on Alerta Rio´s rain gauge network for the period 1997-2016. An objective criterion for the identification of HREs is assessed by comparing rainfall data with data disaster caused by such events over the city. The criterion establishes that an HRE is characterized by a daily rainfall equal or above its 95th percentile, occurring on the same day at least one rainfall record in 15 minutes, also equal or above its 95 th percentile. In addition, the precipitation climatology in the MRJ is revisited. The results show that 33% of annual mean precipitation in MRJ (1192 mm) falls during 6.6 HREs. The maximum (minimum) of HREs are observed in Sumaré and Mendanha (in Tijuca and Saúde), on average of 30 days per year. In general, HREs occur more frequently in the summer (43.7%), followed by autumn (30.9%), spring (18.2%) and winter (7.2%). In general, there is a tendency for an increase in the number of HREs during the analyzed period.

Evaluation of rainfall and atmospheric parameters during afternoon summer storms over Macaé city (Brazil) using WRF numerical model

“…Besides that, specifically in the Rio de Janeiro state during the austral summer, higher rainfall rates are also chiefly driven by the presence of SACZ and FS systems (Fig. 4 right), in general, related to single-cell or multicellular thunderstorms (Silva et al 2019;Pristo et al 2018;Lima et al 2021). precipitation distribution are noted with the increased grid resolution.…”

Synoptic patterns of South Atlantic Convergence Zone episodes associated with heavy rainfall events in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…The presence of three massifs (Tijuca, Pedra Branca and Gericinó), the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean, the Guanabara Bay and the Sepetiba Bay (Fig. 1), produce a great spatial variability of precipitation in the region, which according to Pristo et al (2018) varies between 912 mm of total annual rainfall in the north of the city and 2546 mm over the Tijuca massif.…”

Risk identification of precipitation extremes due to climate change in the southern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro

“…For the state of Rio de Janeiro and its capital, changes in rainfall distribution were also identified, along with increase in extreme events related to precipitation, and impacts on population were quantified by Aguiar and Cataldi (2021); Avila et al (2016); Bunhak and Wanderley (2020); Ehrlich et al (2021); Machado et al (2010); Pereira et al (2021). Pristo et al (2018); Silva and Dereczynski (2014); Silva et al (2016) and Wanderley and Bunhak (2016) showed the importance of studying precipitation, its changes and impacts.…”