Trends in Temperature and Rainfall Extremes near the Artificial Sobradinho Lake, Brazil

Abstract

The formation of artificial lake due construction of a hydroelectric plant causes irreversible environmental impacts. Studies associated with these artificial lakes for the Brazilian semiarid region are still insufficient. Thus, the objective of this study is to provide new information on the trends of climatic extremes, dependent on rainfall and air temperature, for the Sobradinho Hydroelectric Power Plant (SHPP) lake region, through the analysis of climate change indices. This study is particularly important for the SHPP region because microclimate changes have significant impacts on the natural, social and economic sectors. For the two analyzed stations (Bebedouro-PE and Mandacaru-BA), it is not possible to affirm that the construction of the SHPP artificial lake altered the local microclimate. Trends of increase in maximum temperature, the number of hot days and diurnal temperature range were noticed. However, the rise of these indices cannot be attributed to the formation of the SHPP lake. The influence of the SST of Tropical Oceans on the temporal behavior of some of the indices used in this study may have contributed to increases in hot days and nights, maximum temperature, diurnal temperature range and consecutive dry days over the region.

Water balance components and climate extremes over Brazil under 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C of global warming scenarios

“…The increases in precipitation and water availability in Uruguay HR were 4.3 and 3.3 mm year −1 , respectively. Previous studies found similar results, with trends of increasing annual rainfall in hydrographic basins located in the North, South, and Southeast regions of Brazil (Dereczynski et al 2020 ; Xavier et al 2020 ; Zandonadi et al 2016 ; Ávila et al 2016 ; Skansi et al 2013 ; Ely and Debruil 2017 ) and reduction in the Northeast (Avila-Diaz et al 2020 ; Bezerra et al 2019 ; Melo et al 2018 ; Skansi et al 2013 ). The obtained increase in rainfall of 1.6 mm year −1 in the Amazon HR was very close to the results found by Skansi et al ( 2013 ) for the Amazon region for a long historical series (60 years).…”

A detailed framework for the characterization of rainfall climatology in semiarid watersheds

“…Several studies have been carried out in order to identify and characterize spatial and temporal rainfall patterns in the northeast region of Brazil and in its semiarid region, such as drought characterization (Hastenrath 2012;Marengo and Bernasconi 2015;Costa et al 2016;Marengo et al 2017bMarengo et al , 2018Brito et al 2018), extreme rainfall identification (Correia Filho et al 2016;da Silva et al 2018), identification of teleconnection patterns (Rao and Hada 1990;Kane 1997;Uvo et al 1998;Hastenrath 2006), trend analysis (Lacerda et al 2015;de Oliveira et al 2017;Dubreuil et al 2018;da Silva et al 2018), and spatial and temporal variability characterization (de Moscati and Gan 2007; Rao et al 2016;de Oliveira et al 2017;Tinôco et al 2018). However, studies in this region which aim to comprehensively identify such characteristics at the watershed scale or at scales smaller than global or regional are still lacking, although some recent efforts can be highlighted, such as the works by da Silva et al (2009), Lyra et al (2014), de Andrade et al (2016, Bezerra et al (2018), Melo et al (2018), and Mutti et al (2019.…”

Crescimento de Salicornia ramosissima em resposta a aplicação de diferentes condicionadores e níveis de umidade de um solo salino-sódico

“…De acordo com o Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC, em inglês) na américa latina, até o final desse século o aquecimento global, ocasionado por ações antrópicas, pode causar um aumento de 1ºC a 4ºC na temperatura do continente e ocasionar mudanças no regime pluviométrico, alterações que podem gerar um aumento considerável na ocorrência de ondas de calor, secas e inundações severas, assim como sérios impactos em sistemas humanos, ecossistemas e serviços associados (IPCC, 2014). Melo et al, (2018) afirmam que as mudanças climáticas têm efeito significativo nos múltiplos usos da água no nordeste brasileiro.…”

“…Segundo Marengo et al, (2016), projeções em climas futuros apontam uma diminuição na disponibilidade de água para agricultura irrigada e uso humano devido a reduções na precipitação e aumento da evapotranspiração, Melo et al, (2018) apontam que essas mudanças causam alterações no ciclo hidrológico e na circulação de rios e lagos no Nordeste do Brasil (NEB). O IPCC (2014) afirma que o semiárido nordestino é uma das regiões mais vulneráveis à insegurança alimentar, hídrica e energética, além de extremos da variabilidade climática seja ela natural ou causada por ações antrópicas, podendo acarretar sérios danos nesse local.…”