Vascular flora of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Maranhão State, Brazil: checklist, floristic affinities and phytophysiognomies of restingas in the municipality of Barreirinhas

Abstract

This study presents a floristic survey of the vascular plants of restingas of Lençóis Maranheses National Park, in the municipality of Barreirinhas, Maranhão, Brazil, including descriptions of the principal phytophysiognomies and similarity analyses including other restinga areas in North and Northeastern Brazil. Samples from the study area deposited in the herbaria MG, IAN and MAR were inventoried and fieldwork for the collection of additional botanical samples was undertaken between September 2015 and August 2017. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) using Jaccard index was used to calculate the similarity among floras of the restingas of the states of Pará, Piauí, Ceará and Maranhão. A total of 289 species in 189 genera and 73 families was recorded, including 56 new occurence records for the state of Maranhão. The richest families were Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, Eriocaulaceae and Myrtaceae. Similarity indexes revealed low similarity among the selected areas, suggesting high floristic identity for each area, as well as possible collection bias among the areas.

An updated checklist reveals strong incongruities with previous studies: insights after revisiting a regional orchid list

“…Our checklist includes 30 species that are not listed in Flora do Brasil 2020 (2020) to the state, however many of them have been recorded in previous publications (Silva et al 1999;Ferreira et al 2017;Rodrigues et al 2019;Saraiva et al 2020;Oliveira et al 2021;Gomes et al 2021;Silva et al in press). Thus, excluding these, a total of six species are cited here for the first time to Maranhão, all also being new records for northeastern Brazil (Tab.…”

“…Our initial database was constructed based on the lists provided by Silva et al (1999) andBFG (2015; and new records published more recently (Ferreira et al 2017;Rodrigues et al 2019;Saraiva et al 2020;Oliveira et al 2021;Gomes et al 2021;Silva et al in press). Subsequently, the main Brazilian herbaria and local herbaria were visited (CEN, HABIT, HB, HUEFS, INPA, IAN, MAR, MG, RB, SLUI, SP, SPF, UB, acronyms according to Thiers 2021, continuous adapted) in order to find specimens collected in the state to serve as vouchers of the taxa reported in the literature.…”

Orchids of the central region of eastern Maranhão, Brazil

“…It is one of the largest families of Angiosperms, with approximately 28,000 species, distributed in 736 genera (Chase et al 2015). Although greater diversity of the group is observed in wet forest areas, its species can inhabit the most varied types of vegetation, including Caatinga and Cerrado areas (Batista et al 2005;Rodriguez et al2009;Ferreira et al 2010;Hall et al 2013;Vieira & Barros 2017;Pessoa & Alves 2014;BFG 2018;Rodrigues et al 2019).…”

New records of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) for the state of Maranhão, Brazil

“…Recently, Rodrigues et al (2019) reported two species of Utricularia new to Maranhão, Utricularia benjaminiana Oliv. and U. myriocista A.St.-Hil.…”