Measurement and modeling of race and health in Brazil: continuing the discussion

Abstract

Recent reviews have discussed the conceptualization of race in health studies in Brazil. This review further documents and discusses specific measurement and modeling issues with regard to race and how this can impact result interpretation. Three scientific databases were used to search the literature on race and three health outcomes. The search yielded 38 empirical studies on birth outcomes, self-rated health, and weight. Results suggest that, while there are racial patterns in the overall literature, conceptual and methodological challenges can be addressed to clarify the ways in which racial group membership is linked to health.

Socioeconomic risk markers of arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) infections: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

“…While there is no biological basis for an association between these constructs and health, 64 ethnicity, caste and race are proxies for the embodiment of xenophobia, casteism and racism in their structural, cultural and interpersonal forms. 65 Data from the US context, for example, observed that in areas where mortality rates are highest, the fraction of black residents is larger. 66 These findings may be extrapolated to the Brazilian context, where racial inequality and segregation are reflected in social disadvantage 65 and health inequities.…”

“… 65 Data from the US context, for example, observed that in areas where mortality rates are highest, the fraction of black residents is larger. 66 These findings may be extrapolated to the Brazilian context, where racial inequality and segregation are reflected in social disadvantage 65 and health inequities.…”

“…While a meta-analysis was not completed for the variables related to the constructs of race or caste, the descriptive analysis revealed that individuals who identified as non-white23 45 or of a schedule caste19 were at greater risk of arboviral infection. While there is no biological basis for an association between these constructs and health,64 ethnicity, caste and race are proxies for the embodiment of xenophobia, casteism and racism in their structural, cultural and interpersonal forms 65. Data from the US context, for example, observed that in areas where mortality rates are highest, the fraction of black residents is larger 66.…”

Demanda psicossocial e demanda física no trabalho: iniquidades segundo raça/cor

“…A variável raça/cor pode apresentar erros de classificação, transitoriedade ao longo do tempo e imprecisão conceitual para estudos em saúde [17][18][19][20] . No entanto, procedeu-se à análise epidemiológica conforme o uso recomendado desta variável na literatura.…”

“…Nesta perspectiva, a raça é compreendida como um produto das relações históricas, socioculturais e de ancestralidade, que contribuem para a formação identitária, contrapondo-se às identidades baseadas em diferenciações genéticas [15][16][17][18][19] e é utilizada em estudos epidemiológicos para operacionalização do construto "etnia".…”