Mortality related to tuberculosis-HIV/AIDS co-infection in Brazil, 2000-2011: epidemiological patterns and time trends

Abstract

Co-infection of tuberculosis (TB)-HIV/AIDS is a persistent public health problem in Brazil. This study describes epidemiological patterns and time trends of mortality related to TB-HIV/AIDS co-infection. Based on mortality data from 2000-2011 (almost 12.5 million deaths), 19,815 deaths related to co-infection were analyzed. The average age-adjusted mortality rate was 0.97 deaths/100,000 inhabitants. The highest mortality rates were found among males, those in economically productive age groups, black race/color and residents of the South region. There was a significant reduction in the mortality coefficient at the national level (annual average percent change: -1.7%; 95%CI: -2.4; -1.0), with different patterns among regions: increases in the North, Northeast and Central regions, a reduction in the Southeast and a stabilization in the South. The strategic integration of TB-HIV/AIDS control programmes is fundamental to reduce the burden of mortality related to co-infection in Brazil.

Sociodemographic and health profile of TB/HIV co-infection in Brazil: a systematic review

“…The Southeast region accounted for four studies, two in São José do Rio Preto (14)(15) , one in Ribeirão Preto (16) and one in an administrative district of São Paulo (17) . Next, four studies that covered the entire national territory were identified (5,(18)(19)(20) , and finally, two articles in the Northern region, one in the state of Amazonas (21) and one in the capital Manaus (22) . No studies conducted in the Southern and Central-Western regions of Brazil were found.…”

“…As for the studies' design, all are observational, and six are of the cross-sectional type (5,17,(19)(20)(21)22) . Five cohort studies (9,10,(12)(13)(14) , three ecological studies (15)(16)18) and one control case (11) were identified.…”

“…The rates of mortality by TB/HIV in the country (2000-2011) were higher among black males, in the economically active age range and residents of the country's southern region. However, a decrease in mortality happened heterogeneously between Brazilian regions, which may be related to the use of ART and to the updating of the protocols used in the co-infection's clinical management (5) .…”

Tuberculosis Dynamics From Spatial Analysis: Integrative Review

“…9 Relations evidenced by the inverse association between the socioeconomic status and TB incidence, relation between vulnerability, socioeconomic and sociodemographic condition, mortality and coinfection by HIV-TB. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The vulnerability was also observed among indigenous people, in the data of child mortality due to HIV-TB coinfection, being 3 times higher in orphan children, along with in the difficult adherence to the TB treatment and poor living conditions of people subjected to such circumstances. [22][23][24]…”

Adaptação e validação da escala de autoeficácia no uso de preservativo em uma amostra brasileira

“…A não adesão ao uso de preservativos ainda é uma realidade observada, principalmente, em adolescentes e em adultos jovens de ambos os sexos. Essa população é mais vulnerável à gravidez indesejada e/ou precoce e às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs), como o HIV/aids, que ainda é considerado um importante problema de saúde pública a nível global (Lima et al, 2016).…”