Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder: prevalence, demographics and clinical correlates in individuals with bipolar I, bipolar II, and healthy controls

Abstract

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a growing global public health problem and highly prevalent in patiens with bipolar disorder. There are a few studies about relationship between metabolic syndrome and bipolar disorder subtypes. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual components in subjects with bipolar I (BD I) and bipolar II (BD II) disorder compared with non-psychiatric controls, and to determine the variables affecting MS. Methods: A total of 210 individuals (mean age 42.5 ± 11.87, 58.1% female) of whom 70 had BD I, 70 BD II, and 70 controls, were included in this study. MS was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), the adapted ATP III (ATP III-A) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Results: Participants with BD I had a significantly higher prevalence of MS when compared to individuals BD II and non-psychiatric controls according to the NCEP-ATP III, ATP III-A, and IDF criteria (ps < 0.01). In individuals with MS, increased waist circumference was the most common abnormality. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of physical illness, age and number of cigarettes smoked significantly predicted the presence of MS. Discussion: This study showed that MS was more prevalent among BD I individuals compared to BD II and controls, and highlighted the importance of regular screening for MS in individuals with BD.

Prevalence of comorbidities and correlates of hospital readmission rate in patients with acute mania: A one‐year retrospective data from a tertiary care

“…Our results showed that the most common physical comorbidity was obesity followed by CVD and liver dysfunctions. Similarly, previous studies have reported higher prevalence rates of obesity and suggested that treatment with psychotropic medications may worsen obesity . In turn, weight gain, excess weight, obesity, and metabolic disorders may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in manic patients .…”

“…Similarly, previous studies have reported higher prevalence rates of obesity and suggested that treatment with psychotropic medications may worsen obesity. [39][40][41] In turn, weight gain, excess weight, obesity, and metabolic disorders may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease Note: Numbers in bold indicate significant P (P < .05). Example: males significantly had a higher mean of readmission rate compared to females.…”

Investigação de fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis em pacientes portadores de transtorno afetivo bipolar

“…De acordo com a revisão conduzida por Grover et al (30), a frequência da síndrome metabólica em indivíduos portadores de TAB foi de 16.7%-67%, variando conforme os critérios diagnósticos utilizados e os países avaliados, que eram em sua maioria países ocidentais. Em outro estudo, a prevalência de síndrome metabólica em pacientes com TAB I foi maior que em pacientes com TAB II e controles saudáveis (31). Cada componente da síndrome costuma estar alterado na maioria dos estudos, sendo o aumento da circunferência abdominal a anormalidade mais consistentemente reportada (30,32).…”