Reducing Competition in Agroforestry by Pruning Native Trees

Nicodemo, M. L. F.; Castiglioni, Paula Priscila; Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo; Tholon, P.; Carpanezzi, A. A.

doi:10.1590/0100-67622016000300014

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to Reynolds et al (2007), above these shading levels, tree management, such as the removal of some tree rows or some trees in the rows, must be performed to reestablish satisfactory pasture production by reducing competition for light and soil water. Nicodemo et al (2016) suggested the removal of lower branches (pruning) as an alternative to reduce competition for light.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of this period, another herd with the same characteristics was put into the system. The pastures were submitted to stocking rate adjustments using the "put and take" technique (Mott and Lucas, 1952) and visual evaluation of forage availability. At the integrated systems with crops (iCL and iCLF), one-third of the pasture areas were renovated in each agricultural year (two paddocks per replicate area) by sowing the grass simultaneously with corn (var.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and nutritive value of pastures in integrated livestock production systems: shading and management effects

Pezzopane

Bernardi

Azenha

et al. 2020

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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This study aimed to evaluate the production characteristics of pastures in integrated livestock production systems. For that, an experiment was carried out in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, from 2013 to 2015. Forage development, production and nutritive value were evaluated in five beef cattle production systems: extensive continuous stocking (Urochloa decumbens) = EXT; intensive = INT; crop-livestock = iCL; livestock-forest = iLF and crop-livestock-forest = iCLF. Rotational stocking pastures in INT, iCL, iLF and iCLF systems were established with Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã. In iCL and iCLF, pastures were renovated by resowing the grass simultaneously with corn. In iLF and iCLF, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis clone GG100) was planted in Apr 2011 in single rows with 15 × 2 m spacing. In the 2013/2014 crop season, INT, iCL, and iCLF pastures were more productive than in iLF and EXT. Shading increase in the 2014/2015 season reduced pasture production in iLF and iCLF, compared with INT and iCL, but increased crude protein content and digestibility. In the shaded systems, pasture production was affected by proximity to trees, mainly due to reductions in solar radiation transmission. The principal component analyses showed that forage accumulation and leaf area index were associated with the position in the middle of the inter-row, and nutritive value was associated with the position at 1.5 m from the trees. In iCLF, solar radiation transmission greater than 60 % maintained forage accumulation similar to iCL, while in iLF, it reduced forage accumulation, evidencing that pasture renovation minimized shading effects in these systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and nutritive value of pastures in integrated livestock production systems: shading and management effects

Pezzopane

Bernardi

Azenha

et al. 2020

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Pasture and crop yields may be increased by thinning in these systems. Thinning may be performed by removing alternate tree rows (increasing spacing between rows) or alternate trees in the rows (increasing spacing between trees in the rows), which reduces competition for water and solar radiation (Nicodemo et al, 2016;Reynolds et al, 2007;Paciullo et al, 2007). Another alternative to reduce competition in these systems is the use of deciduous trees, which increase soil water availability for understory plants during the growth season (Pollock et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing competition in a crop–livestock–forest integrated system by thinning eucalyptus trees

et al. 2020

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The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of thinning eucalyptus trees on yield and nutritive value of corn for silage and palisadegrass in a crop–livestock–forest integrated system and to evaluate the total aboveground biomass yield in systems with and without trees. Plant variables, as well as the incidence of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil moisture, were evaluated between October 2016 and March 2018 in São Carlos, Brazil, in a crop–livestock–forest and a crop–livestock system. In the crop–livestock–forest system, eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus urograndis clone GG100) were planted in April 2011, in single rows, with 15 × 2 m spacing. In 2016, the trees were thinned, and the spacing was changed to 15 × 4 m. The treatments comprised measurements at 0.00, 3.75, 7.50, and 11.25 m from the trees of the North row in the integrated crop–livestock–forest (iCLF) system and integrated crop–livestock (iCL) system. Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha) was sown after harvesting the corn. Corn yields were similar between treatments, with an average of 13.6 Mg ha−1. Corn for silage presented a higher percentage of grain in total biomass in the crop–livestock–forest positions (41.4 and 42.1%) than in the crop–livestock system (35.6%). No differences in forage accumulation were observed. Crude protein content in corn for silage and palisadegrass was higher in the crop–livestock–forest treatments than in the crop–livestock system. Such results indicate that thinning was favorable to production in the crop–livestock–forest system. Total aboveground biomass yield was higher in the iCLF system, indicating better land use for this type of integrated system.

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“…Thereby, before soybean sowing in the second crop year, pruning of the forest species was carried out in order to heighten the incidence of solar radiation inside the understory. The criteria used to prune was that 50% of the green canopy was maintained and that the branches removed below the point at which the stem of the tree had a diameter of 6-8 cm (Nicodemo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry systems and their effects on the dynamics of solar radiation and soybean yield

et al. 2018

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Agroforestry systems have been highlighted in the agricultural environment as an alternative form of sustainable production to meet the growing demand for food and energy with less environmental impact. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different forest species on the dynamics of solar radiation and the productive response of soybean grown in agroforestry systems. Two field experiments were carried out in the city of Frederico Westphalen - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In order to reach the aim of this study, the solar radiation transmissivity and the productive performance of soybean were evaluated. Productivity followed the same tendency as solar radiation transmissivity; in an agricultural year, the species with the higher incidence of solar radiation to the understory presented the best yield. The forest species Schizolobium parayba, Peltophorum dubium and Parapiptadenia rigida were used as they present the potential to compose the agroforestry systems; their canopy structure and leaf architecture provide greater availability of solar radiation in the subforest. The interception of solar radiation by the forest component of more than 50% significantly reduces soybean yield in agroforestry systems, requiring silvicultural practices that promote the availability of solar radiation in the understory.

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Reducing Competition in Agroforestry by Pruning Native Trees

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Production and nutritive value of pastures in integrated livestock production systems: shading and management effects

Production and nutritive value of pastures in integrated livestock production systems: shading and management effects

Reducing competition in a crop–livestock–forest integrated system by thinning eucalyptus trees

Agroforestry systems and their effects on the dynamics of solar radiation and soybean yield

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