Advances in the propagation of Jabuticaba tree

Abstract

The Myrtaceae family has representatives spread worldwide, and Jabuticaba tree is an important species native to Brazil, which is grown not only in the backyards and domestic orchards, but also in commercial orchards, landscaping projects and in several tropical and subtropical countries. The propagation of this species in a sexual form or by seeds is simple and efficient, being able to reach 100%. However, long juvenile phase and genetic segregation have led to the search for methods that allow the propagation of selected trees and guarantee through their standardized and productive clones, fruit quality and fruiting precocity. Protocols for asexual propagation are still scarce, but they show efficient methods, making possible the commercial use and valorization of this Brazilian fruit tree. Grafting methods have proven to be efficient in more than 70% of cases. Herbaceous cutting in Jabuticaba trees shows rooting around 10%. Air layering shows rooting rates above 80%. Other methods considered for domestic use have shown satisfactory results in the formation of young saplings through woody cuttings. New studies on micropropagation and better control of herbaceous stem cutting processes could stimulate and economically increase the propagation of this fruit tree for commercial crops to produce fruits for fresh consumption or processing. Air layering and grafting are the most currently indicated methods for propagation of jabuticaba tree. This review paper shows the results of other papers and their protocols for obtaining jabuticaba tree seedlings and clonal plants.

Grafting methods and use of fasteners in monoembryonic, polyembryonic, and multi-stemmed jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba (Vell) Berg) seedlings

“…Besides, grafting offers more advantages than other vegetative propagation techniques for the jaboticaba tree, such as cuttings and air layering, since the species presents a difficult rooting, requiring the use of growth regulators that render the process costly. When grafted, the jaboticaba seedlings start the fruiting period after four years of planting (Silva et al, 2019).…”

“…Among the important propagation characteristics are polyembryony and multi-stemming. The first refers to the case when there is more than one embryo per seed, resulting in more seedlings in individuals with low vegetative propagation (Alexandre et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2019). However, in multi-stemmed seedlings, the main stems can initially function as a propagation source for grafting, whereas the adjacent stem represents a source of photoassimilates for the grafted region.…”