RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES IN PEACH ORCHARDS ON THE MAIZE WEEVIL Sitophilus zeamais (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

Nörnberg, Sandro Daniel; Grützmacher, Anderson Dionei; Nava, Dori Edson; Valgas, Ricardo Alexandre; Ozelame, Ângelo Luis

doi:10.1590/0100-29452016017

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Insect pests represent a constant challenge to peach producers because of sporadic and/or persistent occurrence of several species in orchards, causing substantial economic losses to fruit production (Nava et al 2014). Among them, the South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Botton et al 2002;Araujo et al 2019), the Mediterranean fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Hafsi et al 2016;Sciarretta et al 2018), the oriental butterfly Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (Duarte et al 2015;Yang et al 2016), and the corn weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Nava et al 2014;Nörnberg et al 2016) may occur in peach trees in Brazil and some of them are key peach pests in other world regions. Chemical control by spraying organophosphates and pyrethroids using a predefined schedule is the most commonly strategy used to control insect populations, due to the low cost and fast action when compared to neonicotinoids, spinosyns, benzoylureas, diacylhydrazines, diamides, and oxadiazines, especially for A. fraterculus and G. molesta (Botton et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Non-target toxicity of nine agrochemicals toward larvae and adults of two generalist predators active in peach orchards

et al. 2020

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Chrysoperla externa and Coleomegilla quadrifasciata are important biological control agents in peach orchards. However, orchard management with these predatory insects is viable only by using selective agrochemicals. The objective of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of nine agrochemicals used in peach orchards in larval and adult stages of the C. externa and C. quadrifasciata in laboratory conditions. The bioassays followed the methodologies proposed by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC). Larvae and adults of C. externa and C. quadrifasciata were exposed to the dry residues of these products. Lethal and sublethal effects were evaluated in bioassays with the larval and adult stages of both predators. The agrochemicals were classified according to the IOBC guidelines. The insecticide chlorantraniliprole was harmless (class 1) to the larval stage of C. externa and C. quadrifasciata. Azadirachtin, copper 25% + calcium 10%, and deltamethrin were harmless to the adult stage of both insect species. The organophosphates fenitrothion and malathion were harmful (class 4) to both species in the larval and adult stages and should not be used in peach orchards. Therefore, this study demonstrates the importance of toxicity and the lethal and sublethal effects of these agrochemicals to better determine their compatibility with IPM in peach production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-target toxicity of nine agrochemicals toward larvae and adults of two generalist predators active in peach orchards

et al. 2020

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Effect of plant protection products on Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae in laboratory

et al. 2018

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With the aim of developing tools for simultaneously managing Rhynchophorus palmarum and the coconut stem bleeding disease, we evaluated the effects of the insecticide thiamethoxam and the fungicide cyproconazole on R. palmarum larvae under laboratory conditions. Early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were fed on an artificial diet containing 0.1% concentration of insecticide, fungicide or a mixture of both. Larval mortality was assessed daily during the 48 hours after the application of the treatments. Mean mortality values were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Thiamethoxam caused mortality of 100% of early-instar and 90% of intermediate-instar larvae. In contrast, mortality was significantly lower in the cyproconazole treatment (60% for early-instar and 0% for intermediate-instar larvae) and the control (0% mortality for both treatments). The insecticide/fungicide mixture was equally effective (100% for early-instar and 86.67% for intermediate-instar larvae) to the insecticide only treatment. Differences in mortality between early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were significant only for the thiamethoxam and cyproconazole treatments. These results indicate that, for the doses used here, thiamethoxam is toxic to both early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae, while cyproconazole is toxic just to early-instar larvae. Moreover, cyproconazole does not increase the toxicity of thiamethoxam. Early-instar larvae are more sensitive to thiamethoxam and cyproconazole than intermediate-instar larvae. We conclude that thiamethoxam + cyproconazole mixture may be effective for managing R. palmarum and associated fungal diseases on coconut palms.

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Selectivity of pesticides used in peach orchards to eggs and pupae of the predators Chrysoperla externa and Coleomegilla quadrifasciata

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Grützmacher

Nava

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to assess, under laboratory conditions, the selectivity of nine pesticides used in peach to the egg and pupal stages of the predators Chrysoperla externa and Coleomegilla quadrifasciata. Tests consisted of the direct application of pesticides on eggs and pupae of predators and assessment of sublethal effects on fertility and fecundity of emerged adults. For eggs, the pesticides were classified according to the effects on the reduction of the percentage of larval hatching, while for pupae they were classified as a function of the total effect, according to the toxicity scale proposed by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC). All the pesticides (used dose) were harmless (class 1) to eggs of C. externa, but abamectin (80) and copper + calcium (1%) were considered slightly harmful (class 2) to pupae. In bioassays with C. quadrifasciata, abamectin (80), deltamethrin (40), and malathion (150) were classified as slightly harmful (class 2), while fenitrothion (100) was moderately harmful (class 3) to predator eggs; in the pupal stage, abamectin (80), fenitrothion (100), and malathion (150) were considered harmful (class 4). Azadirachtin (1%), chlorantraniliprole (14), deltamethrin (40), copper + calcium (25% + 10%), and sulfur + calcium (3.5 Ba) were harmless (class 1) to eggs and pupae of C. externa and C. quadrifasciata and thus should be prioritized in sprayings for pest control in the IPM of peach.

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RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES IN PEACH ORCHARDS ON THE MAIZE WEEVIL Sitophilus zeamais (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Non-target toxicity of nine agrochemicals toward larvae and adults of two generalist predators active in peach orchards

Non-target toxicity of nine agrochemicals toward larvae and adults of two generalist predators active in peach orchards

Effect of plant protection products on Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae in laboratory

Selectivity of pesticides used in peach orchards to eggs and pupae of the predators Chrysoperla externa and Coleomegilla quadrifasciata

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