Water dephts and macronutrients accumulation in 'pérola' pineapple irrigated by drip

Abstract

-Brazil is one of the largest pineapple producers worldwide, and those fruits are for the juice industry and the in natura market. Its cultivation requires high technology investment by using irrigation and balanced fertilization. However, little is known about the influence of drip irrigation on nutrient uptake by pineapple plants. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different irrigation depths on nutrients accumulation by 'Pérola' pineapples grown in northern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments referring to: 30% of Class A Evaporation Pan (ECA); 50% of ECA; 70% of ECA; 100% of ECA; and 150% of ECA. To determine the levels of macronutrients and dry matter, the plants were separated in root, stem, leaves, 'D' leaf, crown, fruit and whole plant. The sequence of macronutrients accumulated in the whole plant was K>N>Ca>P>Mg. The fruits exported from the cultivated area the following amounts of macronutrients: 17.52 kg ha -1 of K (12.8%); 16.91 kg ha -1 of N (20.7%); 10.77 kg ha -1 of Ca (15.9%), 1.29 kg ha -1 of P (12.4%) and 1.04 kg ha -1 of Mg (20.5%). The irrigation depths that provided the maximum N, P, K and Ca accumulation in the whole plant are 53.6, 61.6, 54.5 and 60.2% of ECA, respectively. Index Terms: Ananas comosus var. comosus, semiarid, nutrition. LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E ACÚMULO DE MACRONUTRIENTES NO ABACAXIZEIRO 'PÉROLA' IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTORESUMO -O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de abacaxi, cujos frutos se destinam à indústria de sucos e ao mercado in natura. Seu cultivo exige alto investimento tecnológico pelo uso de irrigação e adubação equilibrada; todavia, é pouco conhecida a influência da irrigação por gotejamento no acúmulo de nutrientes por plantas de abacaxi. Assim, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência de diferentes lâminas de irrigação no acúmulo de nutrientes pelo abacaxizeiro 'Pérola', cultivado no norte de Minas Gerais. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos referentes a: 30% da evaporação do tanque Classe A (ECA); 50% da ECA; 70% da ECA; 100% da ECA; 150% da ECA. Para a determinação dos teores de macronutrientes e matéria seca, as plantas foram separadas em: raiz, talo, folhas, folha 'D', coroa, fruto e planta inteira. A sequência de macronutrientes acumulados na planta inteira foi K>N>Ca>P>Mg. Os frutos exportaram da área de cultivo as seguintes quantidades de macronutrientes: 17,52 kg ha -1 de K (12,8 %); 16,91 kg ha -1 de N (20,7 %); 10,77 kg ha -1 de Ca (15.9 %); 1,29 kg ha -1 de P (12,4 %) e 1,04 kg ha -1 de Mg (20,5 %). As lâminas de irrigação que proporcionaram o máximo acúmulo de N, P, K e Ca na planta inteira são de 53,6; 61,6; 54,5 e 60,2% da ECA, respectivamente. (SILVA et al., 2009;GUARÇONI;. VENTURA, 2011).The adequate association between water and nutrients increases crop yield (MARTINS et al., 2011), being that irrigation increases nutrients demand and export. Depending on the soil and irrigation management, the water applie...

Cost Benefit Analysis of Drip Fertigation and Flower Induction in Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) Variety ‘Giant Kew’ in Goa, India

“…Almeida et al (2002) reported that, high dose of N and K at equal intervals of time or in equal amounts of N and K at decreasing intervals of time can be used for fertigation in pineapple. According to Carr, (2012), drip irrigation, micro-jets or over head sprinklers can be used in pineapple production when the water supply is restricted and the cost of labour is high.The drip irrigation depths that provided the maximum N, P, K and Ca accumulation in 'Perola' pineapple were 53.6, 61.6, 54.5 and 60.2% of ECA( Class A pan evaporation) respectively (Amaral et al, 2014). According to Patra et al (2015), in pineapple, drip irrigation was superior to micro sprinklers and sub-surface irrigation under gangetic alluvial plains of West Bengal.…”

Integrated system for recommending fertilization rates in pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) crop

“…The cultivation of pineapple develops well in soils with pH of 4.5 to 5.0. However, at these pH values (Betancourt et al, 2005;Amaral et al, 2014), is necessary to supply N throughout fertilization.…”

“…In the local market the most common fertilizers sources are urea, triple superphosphate, potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate (Veloso et al, 2001;Spironello et al, 2004;Amaral et al, 2014) and some complexes. However, the most advisable is to calculate the fertilizer doses cost to make an adequate decision, which are the most economical and consider availability at the local market (Salgado et al, 2013).…”

Estimation of Crop Water Requirement of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) for Drip Fertigation

“…Fertigation can overcome the limitations of sprinkler and such as weed management and manual fertilizer application. This method improves absorption of nutrients, reduces leaching losses, increase nutrient accumulation (Amaral et al, 2014) and enhance nutrient use efficiency (Rajan et al, 2014;Santos et al, 2015;Mota et al, 2016). In pineapple, N and K fertilizers have great effect in improving growth and yield (Pereira et al, 2012;Alves et al, 2013).…”