Development of the BG-Malaria trap as an alternative to human-landing catches for the capture of Anopheles darlingi

Gama, Renata Antonaci; Silva, Ivoneide Maria da; Geier, Martin; Eiras, Álvaro Eduardo

doi:10.1590/0074-0276108062013013

Cited by 42 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some studies have tried this in the past by modifying BG sentinel traps to increase the captures of An. darlingi [57] and An. arabiensis [58] mosquitoes and use them as an alternative for HLCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

et al. 2020

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Background: Several mosquito collection methods are routinely used in vector control programmes. However, they target different behaviours causing bias in estimation of species diversity and abundance. Given the paucity of mosquito trap data in West Africa, we compared the performance of five trap-lure combinations and Human Landing Catches (HLCs) in Guinea. Methods: CDC light traps (LT), BG sentinel 2 traps (BG2T), gravid traps (GT) and Stealth traps (ST) were compared in a 5 × 5 Latin Square design in three villages in Guinea between June and July 2018. The ST, a portable trap which performs similarly to a LT but incorporates LEDs and incandescent light, was included since it has not been widely tested. BG2T were used with BG and MB5 lures instead of CO 2 to test the efficacy of these attractants. HLCs were performed for 5 nights, but not as part of the Latin Square. A Generalised Linear Mixed Model was applied to compare the effect of the traps, sites and collection times on mosquito abundance. Species identification was confirmed using PCR-based analysis and Sanger sequencing. Results: A total of 10,610 mosquitoes were captured across five traps. ST collected significantly more mosquitoes (7096) than the rest of the traps, but resulted in a higher number of damaged specimens. ST and BG2T collected the highest numbers of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, respectively. HLCs captured predominantly An. coluzzii (41%) and hybrids of An. gambiae and An. coluzzii (36%) in contrast to the five traps, which captured predominantly An. melas (83%). The rural site (Senguelen) presented the highest abundance of mosquitoes and overall diversity in comparison with Fandie (semi-rural) and Maferinyah Centre I (semi-urban). Our results confirm the presence of four species for the first time in Guinea. Conclusions: ST collected the highest number of mosquitoes suggesting this trap may play an important role for mosquito surveillance in Guinea and similar sites in West Africa. We recommend the incorporation of molecular tools in entomological studies since they have helped to identify 25 mosquito species in this area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

et al. 2020

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“…The trap does not damage specimens, making it ideal for sampling wild mosquito populations in studies that require intact specimens or requires mosquitoes to be captured alive. The trap has been the subject of many explorative evaluations with host-seeking mosquitoes [ 54 , 55 ] proving its versatility and effectiveness. This study now shows that with only little modifications it has potential for collecting gravid mosquitoes too.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing chemical attraction of gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto with modified BG-Sentinel traps

et al. 2015

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BackgroundCues that guide gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu lato to oviposition sites can be manipulated to create new strategies for monitoring and controlling malaria vectors. However, progress towards identifying such cues is slow in part due to the lack of appropriate tools for investigating long-range attraction to putative oviposition substrates. This study aimed to develop a relatively easy-to-use bioassay system that can effectively analyse chemical attraction of gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto.MethodsBG-Sentinel™ mosquito traps that use fans to dispense odourants were modified to contain aqueous substrates. Choice tests with two identical traps set in an 80 m2 screened semi-field system were used to analyse the catch efficacy of the traps and the effectiveness of the bioassay. A different batch of 200 gravid An. gambiae s.s. was released on every experimental night. Choices tested were (1) distilled versus distilled water (baseline) and (2) distilled water versus soil infusion. Further, comparisons were made of distilled water and soil infusions both containing 150 g/l of Sodium Chloride (NaCl). Sodium Chloride is known to affect the release rate of volatiles from organic substrates.ResultsWhen both traps contained distilled water, 45 % (95 confidence interval (CI) 33–57 %) of all released mosquitoes were trapped. The proportion increased to 84 % (95 CI 73–91 %) when traps contained soil infusions. In choice tests, a gravid female was twice as likely to be trapped in the test trap with soil infusion as in the trap with distilled water (odds ratio (OR) 1.8, 95 % CI 1.3–2.6). Furthermore, the attraction of gravid females towards the test trap with infusion more than tripled (OR 3.4, 95 % CI 2.4–4.8) when salt was added to the substrates.ConclusionMinor modifications of the BG-Sentinel™ mosquito trap turned it into a powerful bioassay tool for evaluating the orientation of gravid mosquitoes to putative oviposition substrates using olfaction. This study describes a useful tool for investigating olfactory attraction of gravid An. gambiae s.s. and provides additional evidence that gravid mosquitoes of this species are attracted to and can be baited with attractive substrates such as organic infusions over a distance of several metres.

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“…The BG-Sentinel ® and its variations may use contrasting black and white patterns and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with green, blue, orange and purple colours and incandescent and ultraviolet (UV) lights (Burkett et al 1998, Gama et al 2013). As its heat source, the BG-Sentinel ® trap employs an infrared, black plastic-encased heating element.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is there an efficient trap or collection method for sampling Anopheles darlingi and other malaria vectors that can describe the essential parameters affecting transmission dynamics as effectively as human landing catches? - A Review

Lima

Rosa-Freitas

Rodovalho

et al. 2014

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Distribution, abundance, feeding behaviour, host preference, parity status and human-biting and infection rates are among the medical entomological parameters evaluated when determining the vector capacity of mosquito species. To evaluate these parameters, mosquitoes must be collected using an appropriate method. Malaria is primarily transmitted by anthropophilic and synanthropic anophelines. Thus, collection methods must result in the identification of the anthropophilic species and efficiently evaluate the parameters involved in malaria transmission dynamics. Consequently, human landing catches would be the most appropriate method if not for their inherent risk. The choice of alternative anopheline collection methods, such as traps, must consider their effectiveness in reproducing the efficiency of human attraction. Collection methods lure mosquitoes by using a mixture of olfactory, visual and thermal cues. Here, we reviewed, classified and compared the efficiency of anopheline collection methods, with an emphasis on Neotropical anthropophilic species, especially Anopheles darlingi, in distinct malaria epidemiological conditions in Brazil.

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Development of the BG-Malaria trap as an alternative to human-landing catches for the capture of Anopheles darlingi

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

Analysing chemical attraction of gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto with modified BG-Sentinel traps

Is there an efficient trap or collection method for sampling Anopheles darlingi and other malaria vectors that can describe the essential parameters affecting transmission dynamics as effectively as human landing catches? - A Review

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