A population-based study of first and second-line drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-burden area of the Mexico/United States border

Becerril-Montes, Pola; Said‐Fernández, Salvador; Luna-Herrera, Julieta; Caballero-Olín, Guillermo; Enciso-Moreno, José Antonio; Martı́nez-Rodrı́guez, Herminia Guadalupe; Padilla‐Rivas, Gerardo R.; Nancy-Garza-Treviño, Elsa; Molina-Salinas, Gloria María

doi:10.1590/0074-0276108022013006

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In table I, phenotypic DR reports published between 1995 and 2013 are listed, and these represent a total of 2 694 isolates analyzed from 22 Mexican states. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The overall mean DR and MDR rates were 37.5% and 20.6%, respectively. The states with the highest DR rates were Chiapas (72.2%), 9 the Distrito Federal and the State of Mexico (68.3%), 12 and Nuevo Leon (53.5%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexico: A systematic review

2014

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Objective. To compare drug resistance (DR) rates and genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from different states of Mexico. Materials and methods. A systematic review of English and Spanish-language articles using MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Search terms included Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mexico, resistance, mutation and epidemiology. Results. Fifteen studies for phenotypic DR rates (n=2 694), twelve studies for genotypic DR (n=748) and eleven studies for genetic diversity (n=2 044) met our inclusion criteria. Mean DR and multidrug resistance (MDR) rates were 37.5% and 20.6%, respectively. The most frequent mutations were rpoB531 (53.1%), katG315 (50.6%), embB306 (32.1%), rpsL43 (14.6%) and pncA359 (16.7%) in DR strains. Novel mutations were found. Predominant shared types were SIT53 (T1, n=188, 3.9%), SIT119 (X1, n=125, 6.9%), SIT19 (EAI2-Manila, n=80, 6.3%) and SIT42 (LAM9, n=77, 3.0%). SIT1 Beijing genotype has been reported in six states from Mexico. Conclusions. DR and MDR rates continue to increase. Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains in Mexico is high. Reports of Beijing strains are increasing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexico: A systematic review

2014

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“…Yuma County, in which the San Luis border region is located, has a TB incidence rate 3–5 fold higher than the rest of the state of Arizona [6]. Border populations are at an increased risk of prolonged infectiousness, inadequate access to TB treatment, and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis [7–9]. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli can lead to latent tuberculosis (LTBI), in which the a patient is asymptomatic of disease [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of latent tuberculosis infection among migrant farmworkers along the US-Mexico border

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMigrant farmworkers are among the highest-risk populations for latent TB infection (LTBI) in the United States with numerous barriers to healthcare access and increased vulnerability to infectious diseases. LTBI is usually diagnosed on the border using the tuberculin skin test (TST). QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) also measures immune response against specific Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. The objective of this study is to assess the comparability of TST and QFT-GIT to detect LTBI among migrant farmworkers on the border, as well as to examine the effects of various demographic and clinical factors on test positivity.MethodsParticipants were recruited using mobile clinics on the San Luis US-Mexico border and tested with QFT-GIT and TST. Demographic profiles and clinical histories were collected. Kappa coefficients assessed agreement between TST and QFT-GIT using various assay cutoffs. Logistic regression examined factors associated with positive TST or QFT-GIT results.ResultsOf 109 participants, 59 of 108 (55 %) were either TST (24/71, 34 %) or QFT-GIT (52/106, 50 %) positive. Concordance between TST and QFT-GIT was fair (71 % agreement, ĸ = 0.38, 95 % CI: 0.15, 0.61). Factors associated with LTBI positivity included smoking (OR = 1.26, 95 % CI–1.01–1.58) and diabetes/high blood sugar (OR = 0.70, 95 % CI = 0.51–0.98).DiscussionTest concordance between the two tests was fair, with numerous discordant results observed. Greater proportion of positives detected using QFT-GIT may help avoid LTBI under-diagnosis. Assessment of LTBI status on the border provides evidence whether QFT-GIT should replace the TST in routine practice, as well as identifies risk factors for LTBI among migrant populations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1959-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Those border states with the highest rates, such as in Baja California, Sonora, and Tamaulipas, tend to reflect migration routes from the central and southern Mexican states, as well as Central America, toward the US ( 7 ). Additionally, prolonged infectiousness, increased drug resistance, and poor access to health services along the border create barriers to stemming TB disease transmission and providing adequate treatment ( 8 – 10 ). The migratory process itself, poverty, and substandard conditions are likely to be primary factors resulting in increased risk of developing active TB ( 5 , 6 , 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon Gamma-Based Detection of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the Border States of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas, Mexico

Oren

Alatorre-Izaguirre

Vargas‐Villarreal³

et al. 2015

Front. Public Health

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Nearly one-third of the world’s population is infected with latent tuberculosis (LTBI). Tuberculosis (TB) rates in the border states are higher than national rates in both the US and Mexico, with the border accounting for 30% of total registered TB cases in both countries. However, LTBI rates in the general population in Mexican border states are unknown. In this region, LTBI is diagnosed using the tuberculin skin test (TST). New methods of detection more specific than TST have been developed, although there is currently no gold standard for LTBI detection. Our objective is to demonstrate utility of the Quantiferon TB gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) test compared with the TST to detect LTBI among border populations. This is an observational, cross-sectional study carried out in border areas of the states of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas, Mexico. Participants (n = 210) provided a TST and blood sample for the QFT-GIT. Kappa coefficients assessed the agreement between TST and QFT-GIT. Participant characteristics were compared using Fisher exact tests. Thirty-eight percent of participants were diagnosed with LTBI by QFT-GIT. The proportion of LTBI detected using QFT-GIT was almost double [38% (79/210)] that found by TST [19% (39/210)] (P < 0.001). Concordance between TST and QFT-GIT was low (kappa = 0.37). We recommend further studies utilizing the QFT-GIT test to detect LTBI among border populations.

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A population-based study of first and second-line drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-burden area of the Mexico/United States border

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexico: A systematic review

Drug resistance and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexico: A systematic review

Detection of latent tuberculosis infection among migrant farmworkers along the US-Mexico border

Interferon Gamma-Based Detection of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the Border States of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas, Mexico

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