Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi: rare enough to be neglected?

Fagundes-Silva, Giselle Aparecida; Romero, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra; Cupolillo, Elisa; Yamashita, Ellen Priscila Gadelha; Gomes-Silva, Adriano; Guerra, Jorge Augusto de Oliveira; Da‐Cruz, Alda Maria

doi:10.1590/0074-02760150128

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The first reports described a benign clinical course and a good response to pentamidine . However, recent reports suggested that L. naiffi could be the causative agent of more severe infections . Our cases seem to confirm the first reports of L. naiffi and indicate a benign, pentamidine‐sensitive disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors

et al. 2019

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BackgroundAmerican cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is endemic in French Guiana. Its epidemiology is evolving, notably because of immigration, anthropization of natural areas, and new microbiological methods. Our first objective was to update epidemiological data. Our second objective was to look for risk factors of ACL.MethodsThis multicentric study was conducted from October 2017 to June 2018 in French Guiana. Patients with suspicion of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were included in case of positive smear, culture, or PCR‐RFLP on skin biopsy. ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐three patients met the inclusion criteria. Among those patients, 59.3% were Brazilian, mostly gold miners. Most of them (58%) were between 16 and 40 years old, and 69% were male. A large proportion of patients lived in traditional wooden houses (51%). Patients living in coastal towns were usually infected during trips to the primary forest (60%) and had a shorter time to diagnosis than workers of the hinterland. Among environmental risk factors, the presence of a water spring (40%) and dogs around houses (40%) were frequently reported. Leishmania guyanensis represented 80% of cases, followed by Leishmania braziliensis (6%), Leishmania naiffi (2%), and Leishmania amazonensis (1%).ConclusionsGold mining and trips to the primary forest represent high‐risk situations for ACL in French Guiana, where the population of infected patients is dominated by Brazilian immigrants. Possible environmental risk factors such as the presence of dogs, water sources, and traditional wooden houses require further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors

et al. 2019

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“…Leishmania (L.) amazonensis (1 case) and L. (V.) guyanensis (2 cases) were isolated from patients who acquired infections in the states of Maranhão and Amazonas, respectively, corroborating epidemiological data from these regions 2,36,37 . As 42% of the OS individuals came from the northern region, it is interesting to comment on the possibility of the presence of other species causing the lesions, especially L. (V.) shawi, and L. (V.) naiffi 38 , which could not be retrieved. The presence of a single cutaneous lesion was prevalent in our patients (79%), and this coincides with the classic clinical patterns described for ATL in Brazil when caused by L. (V.) braziliensis 2,39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Favorable responses to treatment with 5 mg Sbv/kg/day meglumine antimoniate in patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis acquired in different Brazilian regions

Cataldo

Conceição-Silva

Antônio

et al. 2018

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Favorable responses in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) patients to treatment with 5 mg Sb v /kg/day meglumine antimoniate (MA) has been reported in Rio de Janeiro, but little is known regarding the therapeutic response to low doses in patients from other locations. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted to compare the therapeutic response to 5 mg Sb v /kg/day MA treatment among 36 patients who acquired ATL in Brazilian states other than Rio de Janeiro (OS group) and 72 patients from Rio de Janeiro (RJ group). Results: One course of 5 mg Sb v /kg/day MA cured 72.8% of 81 cutaneous (CL) and 66.6% of 27 mucosal (ML) leishmaniasis-infected patients: 70% in the CL/RJ group, 81% in the CL/OS group, 50% in the ML/RJ group, and 80% in the ML/OS group. After up to two additional treatment courses at the same dose, 88.9% and 85.2% of the CL and ML patients were cured, respectively. Adverse events were observed in 40% of patients in the CL/RJ group, 57% of the CL/OS group, 58% of the ML/RJ group, and 80% of the ML/OS group. No significant differences were observed in the cure rates or adverse effects between the RJ and OS groups. No patients required permanent discontinuation of treatment due to adverse events. Conclusions: Patients with ATL acquired in both RJ and OS may respond to low-dose MA. While high-dose MA should remain the standard treatment for ATL, low-dose MA might be preferred when toxicity is a primary concern.

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“…Interestingly, in Lu. triramula we also found DNA likely belonging to L. naiffi, a common ACL etiologic agent in South America, [80][81][82] highlighting the need to better understand the role of this sand fly as a potential ACL vector. Although L. naiffi has never been reported in human cases from Panamá, it has been previously described infecting both Lu.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Leishmania spp. Infection Rate and Feeding Patterns of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Hyperendemic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Community in Panamá

Rigg

Calzada

Saldaña

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a common and important vector-borne parasitic zoonosis in Panamá. Here, we study Leishmania spp. infection rates and blood-feeding patterns among common sand flies in Trinidad de Las Minas, a rural community with hyperendemic ACL transmission, and where a deltamethrin fogging trial was performed. Sand flies were collected from April 2010 to June 2011 with light traps installed inside and in the peridomicile of 24 houses. We restricted our analysis to the most abundant species at the study site: Lutzomyia trapidoi, Lutzomyia gomezi, Lutzomyia panamensis, Lutzomyia triramula, and Lutzomyia dysponeta. We detected Leishmania spp. infection in sand flies by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1) in pooled females (1-10 females per pool). Host species of engorged sand flies were identified using a cytochrome b PCR. From 455 sand fly pools analyzed, 255 pools were positive for Leishmania spp., with an estimated infection rate (confidence interval) of 0.096 [0.080-0.115] before the deltamethrin fogging which slightly, but not significantly (P > 0.05), increased to 0.116 [0.098-0.136] after the deltamethrin fogging. Blood meal analysis suggested that pigs, goats, and birds were the most common sand fly blood sources, followed by humans and domestic dogs. DNA sequencing from a subsample of ITS-1 positive pools suggests that Leishmania panamensis, Leishmania naiffi, and other Leishmania spp. were the parasite species infecting the most common vectors at the study site. Our data confirm an association between sand fly species, humans, domestic dogs, and pigs and Leishmania spp. parasites in rural Panamá.

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Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi: rare enough to be neglected?

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors

American cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana: an epidemiological update and study of environmental risk factors

Favorable responses to treatment with 5 mg Sbv/kg/day meglumine antimoniate in patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis acquired in different Brazilian regions

Leishmania spp. Infection Rate and Feeding Patterns of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Hyperendemic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Community in Panamá

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