Spatial distribution of trachoma cases in the City of Bauru, State of São Paulo, Brazil, detected in 2006: defining key areas for improvement of health resources

Abstract

Introduction:The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial behavior of the occurrence of trachoma cases detected in the City of Bauru, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2006 in order to use the information collected to set priority areas for optimization of health resources. Methods: the trachoma cases identified in 2006 were georeferenced. The data evaluated were: schools where the trachoma cases studied, data from the 2000 Census, census tract, type of housing, water supply conditions, distribution of income and levels of education of household heads. In the Google Earth® software and TerraView® were made descriptive spatial analysis and estimates of the Kernel. Each area was studied by interpolation of the density surfaces exposing events to facilitate to recognize the clusters. Results: Of the 66 cases detected, only one (1.5%) was not a resident of the city's outskirts. A positive association was detected of trachoma cases and the percentage of heads of household with income below three minimum wages and schooling under eight years of education. Conclusions: The recognition of the spatial distribution of trachoma cases coincided with the areas of greatest social inequality in Bauru City. The micro-areas identified are those that should be prioritized in the rationalization of health resources. There is the possibility of using the trachoma cases detected as an indicator of performance of micro priority health programs.

The Limits of Medical Interventions for the Elimination of Preventable Blindness

“…These educational efforts showed that trachoma was the eighth cause of visual impairment with 58 cases per 100,000 in 2006, all among individuals over 40 [80, 81]. The direct influence of schooling on trachoma prevalence rates was also reported from Bauru-São Paulo Brazil in 2006 [82] and from Nigeria in 2010 [83]. …”

Understanding the spatial distribution of trichiasis and its association with trachomatous inflammation—follicular

“…Many other studies have identified correlates of high TF prevalence, including potential socio-economic, demographic and environmental risk factors [25, 32, 39, 56–58], and have explored TF’s spatial distribution at different geographic scales [33, 52, 59–61]. However, few studies have specifically examined TT’s environmental risk factors and spatial distribution [42, 62, 63].…”

Uso de geotecnologias aplicadas em serviços de saúde: revisão Integrativa

“…O desenvolvimento de instrumentos, tem proporcionado melhorias significativas no cenário da saúde, contribuindo desde recurso diagnósticos as mais modernas terapias ( O Geoprocessamento é um processo que localiza em um espaço geográfico eventos, selecionando características de dados de pessoas e os expõe espacialmente afim de considera-los como atributo daquele território. Esse processo resulta na representação gráfica simplificada das relações sociais e ambientais, as quais influenciam a ocorrência de determinada doenças ou condição de saúde (MACHARELLI CA, et al, 2013) O geoprocessamento é constituído por um conjunto de tecnologias que coleta e processa informações espaciais para um determinado objetivo, que para ser alcançado, será realizado por sistemas programados para a aplicação desejada. Em grande parte, as bases de dados cartográficas digitais, são o resultado de planos de geoprocessamento, essas por sua vez, constituem apenas o ponto inicial da análise espacial do contexto de saúde.…”

“…Em grande parte, as bases de dados cartográficas digitais, são o resultado de planos de geoprocessamento, essas por sua vez, constituem apenas o ponto inicial da análise espacial do contexto de saúde. Essa ferramenta, só pode ser usada como meio de análise, se forem georreferenciados, associadas aos dados ambientais e socioeconômicos, e avaliada a sua distribuição espacial (MACHARELLI CA, et al, 2013) As geotecnologias são técnicas matemáticas e computacionais de coleta, processamento e análises de informações a serem disponibilizadas com referências geográficas. Estas ferramentas são divididas em áreas: sensoriamento remoto, imagens de radar e perfis espectrais (PREZENTE WL, 2011).…”