High visceral leishmaniasis mortality rate in Barra Mansa, a new area of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Pimentel, Maria Inês Fernandes; Alves, Elisabeth Larcher Maximiano; Silva, Maria Hercília Fiuza Farias da; Moza, Patrícia Gazenmüller; Almeida, Paula Maria Pereira de; Cunha, Cristiane Silveira; Mello, Cintia Xavier de; Schubach, Armando de Oliveira

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0213-2013

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The age of the dogs ranged from 1 to 7 years in 39 (81%) animals, five (11%) were older than 7 years, and four (8%) were less than 11 months old. The dogs were from the town of Barra Mansa (22°32’25.19” S and 44°10’35.33” W), Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, a ZVL-endemic area with reports of cases in dogs [24] and humans [25]. All animals were privately owned and tested seropositive for anti- Leishmania antibodies by a rapid immunochromatographic test (Dual Path Platform, DPP ® ) and by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Leishmania infantum in the central nervous system of naturally infected dogs: Parasite load, viability, co-infections and histological alterations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum and little is known about the occurrence and pathogenesis of this parasite in the CNS. The aims of this study were to evaluate the occurrence, viability and load of L. infantum in the CNS, and to identify the neurological histological alterations associated with this protozoan and its co-infections in naturally infected dogs. Forty-eight Leishmania-seropositive dogs from which L. infantum was isolated after necropsy were examined. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analyzed by parasitological culture, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and the rapid immunochromatographic Dual Path Platform test. Brain, spinal cord and spleen samples were submitted to parasitological culture, qPCR, and histological techniques. Additionally, anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Ehrlichia canis antibodies in serum and distemper virus antigens in CSF were investigated. None of the dogs showed neurological signs. All dogs tested positive for L. infantum in the CNS. Viable forms of L. infantum were isolated from CSF, brain and spinal cord in 25% of the dogs. Anti-L. infantum antibodies were detected in CSF in 61% of 36 dogs. Inflammatory histological alterations were observed in the CNS of 31% of the animals; of these, 66% were seropositive for E. canis and/or T. gondii. Amastigote forms were associated with granulomatous non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in a dog without evidence of co-infections. The highest frequency of L. infantum DNA was observed in the brain (98%), followed by the spinal cord (96%), spleen (95%), and CSF (50%). The highest L. infantum load in CNS was found in the spinal cord. These results demonstrate that L. infantum can cross the blood-brain barrier, spread through CSF, and cause active infection in the entire CNS of dogs. Additionally, L. infantum can cause inflammation in the CNS that can lead to neurological signs with progression of the disease.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Leishmania infantum in the central nervous system of naturally infected dogs: Parasite load, viability, co-infections and histological alterations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The age of the dogs ranged from one to seven years in 60 (86%) animals, eight to 11 years in seven (10%), and 12 to 14 years in three (4%). The dogs were from the municipality of Barra Mansa (22°32’25.19” S and 44°10’35.33” W), state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis with reports of human and canine cases and presence of the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis [ 20 , 21 ]. All dogs were privately owned and tested seropositive for anti- Leishmania antibodies by the rapid dual-path platform (TR DPP ® ) assay [ 22 ] and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) [ 23 ], both produced by BioManguinhos (Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, active infection and load of Leishmania infantum and associated histological alterations in the genital tract of male and female dogs

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visceral leishmaniasis caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum is a zoonosis. The domestic dog is the primary reservoir in urban areas. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency, active infection and load of L . infantum in the genital tract of male and female dogs seropositive for this parasite, as well as to identify histological genital alterations associated with this protozoan. We studied 45 male and 25 female L . infantum -seropositive noncastrated dogs from the same endemic area in Brazil. Tissue samples from the testis, epididymis, prostate, vulva, vagina, and uterus were examined by singleplex qPCR and parasitological tests (histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and parasitological culture). The latter were performed for the detection of active infection (parasites able to multiply and to induce lesions). Forty-four (98%) males and 25 (100%) females were positive for L . infantum in the genital tract (epididymis: 98%; vulva: 92%; vagina: 92%; testis: 91%; uterus: 84%; prostate: 66%). Active infection in the genital tract was confirmed in 69% of males and 64% of females (32% in the uterus). Parasite loads were similar in the testis, vulva, epididymis and vagina and lower in the prostate. Only the parasite load in the vagina was significantly associated with the number of clinical signs. Granulomatous inflammation predominated in all organs, except for the prostate. Only in the testis and epididymis was the inflammatory infiltrate significantly more intense among dogs with a higher parasite load in these organs. The high frequency, detection of active infection and similarity of L . infantum loads in the genital tract of infected males and females suggest the potential of venereal transmission of this parasite by both sexes and of vertical transmission by females in the area studied. Additionally, vertical transmission may be frequent since active L . infantum infection was a common observation in the uterus.

show abstract

“…Human VL re-emerged in Barra Mansa in 2010, with 9 cases reported by 2013 (7 adults and 2 children). Four of these infected individuals died, the first of which was diagnosed post-mortem (6) in Volta Redonda. Of the remaining 3 cases, 2 adults were treated and cured, and one child died.…”

Section: Visceral Leishmaniasis In Rio De Janeiro Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral leishmaniasis in Southern Rio de Janeiro State and the risk of propagation to São Paulo State, Brazil

Marzochi

2016

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High visceral leishmaniasis mortality rate in Barra Mansa, a new area of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Occurrence of Leishmania infantum in the central nervous system of naturally infected dogs: Parasite load, viability, co-infections and histological alterations

Occurrence of Leishmania infantum in the central nervous system of naturally infected dogs: Parasite load, viability, co-infections and histological alterations

Frequency, active infection and load of Leishmania infantum and associated histological alterations in the genital tract of male and female dogs

Visceral leishmaniasis in Southern Rio de Janeiro State and the risk of propagation to São Paulo State, Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About