Brazil’s first free-mating laboratory colony of Nyssorhynchus darlingi

Araújo, Maísa da Silva; Andrade, Alice Oliveira; Santos, Najara Akira Costa dos; Pereira, Dhélio Batista; Costa, Glaucilene da Silva; Paulo, Paula Frassinetti Medeiros de; Rios, Carlos Tong; Moreno, Marta; Pereira-da-Silva, Luiz Hidelbrando; Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0159-2019

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…darlingi population specificity. The establishment and maintenance of a laboratory colony in Peru [69] and Brazil [70] as well as successful Plasmodium infection of colony mosquitoes [71] would facilitate investigations of this variation over generations and between populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for family-level variation of phenotypic traits in response to temperature of Brazilian Nyssorhynchus darlingi

et al. 2020

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Background: Nyssorhynchus darlingi (also known as Anopheles darlingi) is the primary malaria vector in the Amazon River Basin. In Brazil, analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously detected three major population clusters, and a common garden experiment in a laboratory setting revealed significant population variation in life history traits. Increasing temperatures and local level variation can affect life history traits, i.e. adult longevity, that alter vectorial capacity with implications for malaria transmission in Ny. darlingi. Methods: We investigated the population structure of Ny. darlingi from 7 localities across Brazil utilizing SNPs and compared them to a comprehensive Ny. darlingi catalog. To test the effects of local level variation on life history traits, we reared F 1 progeny from the 7 localities at three constant temperatures (20, 24 and 28 °C), measuring key life history traits (larval development, food-starved adult lifespan, adult size and daily survival). Results: Using nextRAD genotyping-by-sequencing, 93 of the field-collected Ny. darlingi were genotyped at 33,759 loci. Results revealed three populations (K = 3), congruent with major biomes (Amazonia, Cerrado and Mata Atlântica), with greater F ST values between biomes than within. In the life history experiments, increasing temperature reduced larval development time, adult lifespan, and wing length in all localities. The variation of family responses for all traits within four localities of the Amazonia biome was significant (ANOVA, P < 0.05). Individual families within localities revealed a range of responses as temperature increased, for larval development, adult lifespan, wing length and survival time. Conclusions: SNP analysis of several Brazilian localities provided results in support of a previous study wherein populations of Ny. darlingi were clustered by three major Brazilian biomes. Our laboratory results of temperature effects demonstrated that population variation in life history traits of Ny. darlingi exists at the local level, supporting previous research demonstrating the high plasticity of this species. Understanding this plasticity and inherent variation between families of Ny. darlingi at the local level should be considered when deploying intervention strategies and may improve the likelihood of successful malaria elimination in South America.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for family-level variation of phenotypic traits in response to temperature of Brazilian Nyssorhynchus darlingi

et al. 2020

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“…darlingi and Nyssorhynchus aquasalis colonies have been maintained under laboratory conditions for the purpose of experimental study. 21 , 25 In general, South American mosquito vectors have proven difficult to maintain in the laboratory; the principal difficulty has been inducing free copulation in the confined space of a laboratory cage. 25 A colony of Ny.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…darlingi colonies. 2 , 21 , 29 We used this technique to establish Ny. deaneorum colony, but we achieved this using an automated system (ACIS) to control light stimulation and temperature change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…deaneorum was initiated using 399 adult females. Mosquitoes were collected exclusively outdoors and close to houses using BG-Malaria traps (21) and human landing catches in São Francisco do Guaporé, Rondônia State (8°39'8. 874' S / 63°56'8.106 W), 604 km from Porto Velho, Rondônia State.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…darlingi. (21) This automated system provides an effective, practical and rapid means of establishing and mass rearing Nyssorhynchus species in an insectary.…”

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Description of an automatic copulation induction system used to establish a free-mating laboratory colony of Nyssorhynchus deaneorum from Brazil

Araújo

Santos

Andrade

et al. 2020

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND Nyssorhynchus deaneorum is a potential malaria vector because it has been shown to be competent to transmit Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, and because it exhibits antropophilic and endophilic behaviors in some regions of the Amazon. This profile makes Ny. deaneorum a useful mosquito for experiments that model Plasmodium-vector interactions in the Amazon. OBJECTIVE Herein we describe how a free-mating colony of Ny. deaneorum has been established using an automated light stimulation system. METHODS Mosquitoes were captured in São Francisco do Guaporé, Rondônia. The F1 generation was reared until adult emergence at which point copulation was induced using an automatic copulation induction system (ACIS). FINDINGS After four generations, natural mating and oviposition began to occur without light stimulation. The number of pupae and adult mosquitoes increased from the F 5 to F 10 generations. The new Ny. deaneorum colony exhibited susceptibility to P. vivax. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Automated light stimulation is an effective method for establishing an Ny. deaneorum colony under laboratory conditions as it produces enough adults to create a stenogamic colony. The establishment of a stable, P. vivaxsusceptible colony of Ny. deaneorum makes it possible to model parasite-vector interactions and to test novel drug therapies that target parasite development in mosquitoes.

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Evaluation of insemination, blood feeding, and Plasmodium vivax infection effects on locomotor activity patterns of the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)

da Silva Bastos,

dos Santos,

Andrade

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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Circadian behavioral patterns in mosquitoes can be observed through their locomotor activity, which includes fundamental behaviors such as foraging, mating, and oviposition. These habits, which are fundamental to the life cycle of Anopheles mosquitoes, are closely related to pathogen transmission to humans. While rhythmic cycles of locomotor activity have been described in Anopheles species, no studies have been conducted on Anopheles darlingi species, the main malaria vector in the Amazon region. The aim of this study was to investigate how insemination status, blood meal, and Plasmodium vivax infection affect the locomotor activity of An. darlingi. The experiments were performed with 3- to 10-day-old An. darlingi females, which had been fed with 15% honey solution. These mosquitoes were obtained from the Malaria Vector Production and Infection Platform (PIVEM)/FIOCRUZ–RO. The experimental groups were divided into four categories: virgin vs. inseminated, unfed virgin vs. blood-fed virgin, unfed inseminated vs. blood-fed inseminated, and infected blood vs. uninfected blood. Locomotor activity was monitored using the Flybox equipment, capturing images that were subsequently converted into video to measure the insect activity, using PySoLo software. The periodicity and rhythmicity of mosquito locomotor activity were analyzed using MatLab® software. The locomotor activity of An. darlingi females showed a nocturnal and bimodal pattern under LD conditions. When comparing the insemination states and blood meal, there was a reduction in the locomotor activity in inseminated and blood-fed females. However, the P. vivax+ infection did not increase locomotor activity of An. darlingi species.

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Brazil’s first free-mating laboratory colony of Nyssorhynchus darlingi

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Evidence for family-level variation of phenotypic traits in response to temperature of Brazilian Nyssorhynchus darlingi

Evidence for family-level variation of phenotypic traits in response to temperature of Brazilian Nyssorhynchus darlingi

Description of an automatic copulation induction system used to establish a free-mating laboratory colony of Nyssorhynchus deaneorum from Brazil

Evaluation of insemination, blood feeding, and Plasmodium vivax infection effects on locomotor activity patterns of the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)

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