Is waste collection associated with hepatitis B infection? A meta-analysis

Abstract

This meta-analysis, which is based on a previously published systematic review, aims to contribute to the scientifi c discussion on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in workers who are exposed to domestic and healthcare wastes. Publications were sought which had been made available on the data used by December 2013 and updated to December 2016. The quality of the included studies was assessed according to the guidelines of Loney et al. for the critical appraisal of studies on the prevalence or incidence of a health problem. To verify the presence of heterogeneity between the papers, we used the Chi-squared test based on a Q statistic. A funnel plot was used to test for publication bias. All included studies had across-sectional study design. The association between exposure to waste and positive serology for the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) showed a signifi cant association [odds ratio (OR) 1.89, 95% confi dence interval (CI) 1.27-2.86; p = 0.0019]. The prevalence rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc seropositivity was 0.04 (95% CI 0.03-0.05) and 0.21 (95% CI 0.14-0.28), respectively (p <0.0001). We found no evidence of publication bias. The results of this meta-analysis indicate a statistically signifi cant association between exposure to solid waste, whether healthcare or domestic, and positive HBV infection markers. Therefore, the working conditions of waste collectors should be analyzed more closely. Immunization against HBV is recommended as the chief preventive measure for all solid waste workers.

Health and Environmental Impact of Hospital Wastes: Systematic Review

“…In the meta-analysis performed by Mol et al [19], the term "Solid waste" has been used to designate both HCW and household waste. Kasuku et al [20] used the term "Hospital waste" corresponding to a mixture of waste similar to household waste and HCWs with infectious risks.…”

Knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers regarding biomedical waste segregation at Mayo Hospital Lahore.

“…HBsAg and anti-HBc [odds ratio (OR) being 1.89, with confidence interval (CI) of 95%, 1.27-2.86; p-value = 0.0019]. 4 In accordance with the seriousness of the issue, detailed guidelines have been formulated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and The International Solid Waste Association related to the segregation and overall management of health-care related waste. 5 The amount of waste produced varies with the type of health facilities, health care departments and among the countries.…”