Effect of spatial arrangement on the production components and yield of sunflower

Abstract

The sunflower plant is an oilseed crop that has aroused a great interest in the Brazilian and international scenery especillay because of the possibility of using its oil for biodiesel production. The objective of this study was to evaluate productivity and yield components of Embrapa 122 sunflower according to the spatial arrangement. Treatments were arranged in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, which are the four spacings between rows (0.30; 0.50; 0.70 and 0.90 m) and four sowing densities (30,000; 45,000; 60,000 and 75,000 plants ha-1). The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The experiments were conducted in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department in Fortaleza, State of Ceará-Brazil and on the Curu Vale Experimental Farm in Pentecoste, State of Ceará-Brazil. Productivity and the following production components were analyzed in the end of the crop cycle: harvested capitula, capitulum diameter, capitulum mass, achene mass per capitulum, mass of 100 achenes, achenes per capitulum, harvest index and oil content in the achenes. The experiments were analyzed jointly in relation to the cropping area and the data submitted to analysis of variance and quantitative factors tested by polynomial regression. The variables, spacing, density and cropping area did not interact with these variables and the spatial arrangement of the plants affected only the components. The cropping area influences the productive behavior of sunflower Embrapa 122. The spatial arrangement of the plants of sunflower of variety Embrapa 122 influences yield components but does not affect productivity.

Arreglo espacial de cultivares de crisantemo (Dendrathema grandiflora) para disminuir daño por Botrytis

“…In arrangement A3, with significant differences (P≤0.05), Chena's height (64.5 cm) was lower than the height of the same variety in arrangements A1 (70.6 cm) and A2 (69.9 cm), which were combinations of Chena and Moreliana or Flamingo (Table 2). Spatial arrangements usually vary in population density because of the distance between rows and plants, a fact that influences not only the yield components but also the products' quality (Jirmanová et al, 2016;Coelho et al, 2016). However, in this study, the sowing density was the same in the three arrangements, which suggests that due to possible variations in nutrient demands (Valdez-Aguilar et al, 2015) caused by the strategic distribution of the cultivars, Chena plants were taller in A1 and A2 compared with those in A3.…”

“…El arreglo A3, con diferencias significativas (P≤0.05), presentó menor altura (64.5 cm) de Chena respecto a la observada en la misma variedad en los arreglos A1 (70.6 cm) y A2 (69.9) que fueron combinados de Chena con Moreliana o Flamingo (Cuadro 2). Los arreglos espaciales generalmente varían en densidad de población por distancia entre surcos y plantas, los cuales influyen no solo en los componentes del rendimiento sino también en la calidad de los productos (Jirmanová et al, 2016;Coelho et al, 2016). Sin embargo, en esta investigación, la densidad de plantación fue la misma en los tres arreglos, lo que sugiere que posibles variaciones en la demanda nutricional (Valdez-Aguilar et al 2015) por la distribución estratégica de los cultivares influyó en una mejor altura de la planta de Chena en A1 y A2 con respecto a A3.…”