Mineralização do nitrogênio de plantas de cobertura, solteiras e consorciadas, depositadas sobre um solo com histórico de cultivo de cebola

Martins, Roberta Pereira; Comin, Jucinei José; Gatiboni, Luciano Colpo; Soares, Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa; Couto, Rafael da Rosa; Brunetto, Gustavo

doi:10.1590/0034-737x201461040020

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Nutrients are gradually mineralized during cover crop decomposition, which reduces leaching and favors greater uptake by onion plants. During decomposition of plant residues, microbial populations use organic C as an energy source , and N, P, K, Ca, and Mg are mineralized and they eventually return to the soil, increasing their availability and uptake during the onion cycle (Souza et al, 2013;Martins et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When placed on the soil surface, their decomposition alters nutrient content in surface layers throughout the next crop cycle, as shown for onions (Souza et al, 2013). Since onion plants have a low leaf area index, due to their reduced number of leaves and small size, use of cover crops is essential at the start of the NTS, which contributes to increases in onion yields and, in some cases, to reduction in fertilizer applications (Wang et al, 2008;Souza et al, 2013;Martins et al, 2014). However, in southern Brazil, there are few studies on the dynamics of decomposition and nutrient release from cover crop residues and their impact on soil chemical properties and onion yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cover Crops Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Onion Yield

Oliveira

Brunetto

Loss

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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ABSTRACT:Cover crops contribute to nutrient cycling and may improve soil chemical properties and, consequently, increase crop yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate cover crop residue decomposition and nutrient release, and the effects of these plants on soil chemical properties and on onion (Allium cepa L.) yield in a no-tillage system. The experiment was carried out in an Inceptisol in southern Brazil, where cover crops were sown in April 2012 and 2013. In July 2013, shoots of weeds (WD), black oats (BO), rye (RY), oilseed radish (RD), oilseed radish + black oats (RD + BO), and oilseed radish + rye (RD + RY) were cut at ground level and part of these material from each treatment was placed in litter bags. The litter bags were distributed on the soil surface and were collected at 0, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after distribution (DAD). The residues in the litter bags were dried, weighed, and ground, and then analyzed to quantify lignin, cellulose, non-structural biomass, total organic carbon (TOC), N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. In November 2012 and 2013, onion crops were harvested to quantify yield, and bulbs were classified according to diameter, and the number of rotted and flowering bulbs was determined. Soil in the 0.00-0.10 m layer was collected for chemical analysis before transplanting and after harvesting onion in December 2012 and 2013. The rye plant residues presented the highest half-life and they released less nutrients until 90 DAD. The great permanence of rye residue was considered a protection to soil surface, the opposite was observed with spontaneous vegetation. The cultivation and addition of dry residue of cover crops increased the onion yield at 2.5 Mg ha -1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover Crops Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Onion Yield

Oliveira

Brunetto

Loss

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Além disso, outros elementos estruturais da planta podem ter contribuído para essa separação nas épocas analisadas, como teores de celulose, a relação C/N, teores de lignina, entre outros elementos presente nas plantas. A espécie nabo-forrageiro, por apresentar uma relação C/N menor e maior taxa de mineralização do material, é degradada nos 15 primeiros dias, 37,38 e é provável que os compostos fenólicos já haviam sido liberados ou degradados. 39 Quando as amostras foram analisadas em relação ao sistema de cultivo, não houve diferenças entre as espécies quando cultivadas solteiras e/ou consorciadas em relação aos espectros obtidos e a composição fenólica (Figura 4C).…”

Section: Figura 3 Curvas De Calibração Dos Valores Preditos Pelo Nirunclassified

PREDIÇÃO DOS TEORES DE COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E FLAVONOIDES NA PARTE AÉREA DAS ESPÉCIES Secale cereale L., Avena strigosa L. E Raphanus sativus L. POR MEIO DE ESPECTROSCOPIA NO INFRAVERMELHO PRÓXIMO (NIR)

Souza¹,

Kuhnen²,

Kazama³

et al. 2017

Quim. Nova

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PREDICTION OF CONTENTS OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND FLAVONOIDS IN AERIAL PART OF Secale cereale L. Avena strigosa L. and Raphanus sativus L. WITH NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (NIR). Spectroscopy associated with chemometrics is a non-destructive method of the samples for the prediction of phenolic compounds. The objective of the work was to apply the near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) technique for the prediction of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in aerial part samples of cover crops plants Raphanus sativus L., Secale cereale L. and Avena strigosa L. Samples were collected at 60, 80 and 100 days after sowing (DAS) of the plants and, after lodging (DAA), at 15 and 30 days, in an experiment implanted in the field, in the city of Ituporanga, Santa Catarina. The samples were homogenized, identified, transported on dry ice, lyophilized, crushed, sieved and stored at -20 °C for analysis. For the calibration, 84 samples were used and for the validation 10 samples. The combination of NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis by partial least squares regression allowed the development of prediction models of phenolics and flavonoids with associated errors averaging 10%. NIR spectroscopy is recommended for the development of calibration models because it allows to non-destructive infer phenolic and total flavonoid contents, with high analytical frequency, without the use of reagents and other inputs required by the reference method, with results very close to those obtained in the laboratory.Keywords: chemometrics; diffuse reflectance; multivariate analysis; cover crops. INTRODUÇÃOA quantificação de compostos fenólicos e flavonoides totais pode ser realizada via cromatografia ou espectrofotometria via UV-vis pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau, que se baseia em reações de oxidação e redução entre os compostos e íons metálicos, 1 porém ambas são aná-lises demoradas, destrutivas e geram resíduos químicos.2,3 Métodos que empregam técnicas que proporcionam rápida quantificação de compostos como, por exemplo, o infravermelho próximo (NIR), têm sido utilizados em diversas aplicações em análises químicas. 4,5 Por meio da espectroscopia no infravermelho próximo, juntamente com métodos quimiométricos, é possível separar os compostos fenólicos, pois obtêm-se informações qualitativas e quantitativas dos constituintes químicos do material.6 Além disso, é uma alternativa rápida, precisa, não destrutiva da amostra, de baixo custo e que dispensa o uso de reagentes.4,5 O setor agrícola foi o primeiro a fazer uso intensivo da espectroscopia NIR e, atualmente, esta tem sido aplicada na agricultura de precisão, análise de solos e indústrias químicas. 6De acordo com uma pesquisa recente da literatura, até o momento nenhuma pesquisa foi relatada usando NIR para a determinação de compostos fenólicos com o foco em espécies de plantas de cobertura, utilizadas no manejo e adubação de solos. Existem diversos estudos que utilizaram essa técnica para discriminação de plantas, como o arroz, o feijão, o café, o milho e a soja, e nos produtos de origem vegetal...

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“…However, decomposition of plant litter and, consequently, the release of the aforementioned nutrients, are dependent on soil and climatic factors, such as temperature, moisture, pH values, and oxygen and nutrient contents (Campbell et al, 2016). In addition, the chemical composition of the litter is also an important factor for its decomposition, especially in relation to the cellulose and lignin contents, and the values of ratios such as C/N, lignin/N, and lignin/P (Giacomini et al, 2003;Carvalho et al, 2009;Matos et al, 2011;Marcelo et al, 2012;Bonanomi et al, 2013;Ferreira et al, 2014;Martins et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition and release of nutrients from leaves and pruned stems in vineyard

2018

RCA

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the decomposition and release of nutrients and carbon from leaves and pruned stems deposited in the rows and in the spacing between rows of vineyards, throughout the vegetative and productive cycle of the grapevines in a vineyard in Santana do Livramento, Southern Brazil, from May to November 2009. Senescent leaves and new stems that were pruned and enriched with 15 N were collected, analyzed chemically and biochemically, and placed in litter bags, which were deposited in the vine rows and in the spacing between them. After 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 days of the deposition of the litter bags, these residues were collected, dry matter was determined, and the residues were analyzed for total contents of N, 15 N, P, K, and C. The rate of decomposition and release of C and nutrients from the leaves and pruned stems deposited on the soil surface was not affected by the place of deposition, row or spacing between rows, of the grapevines. The rate of decomposition and release of C and nutrients from the leaves deposited in the row and in between rows of the vineyard was greater than that of the pruned stems throughout the period evaluated.

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Mineralização do nitrogênio de plantas de cobertura, solteiras e consorciadas, depositadas sobre um solo com histórico de cultivo de cebola

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Cover Crops Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Onion Yield

Cover Crops Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Onion Yield

PREDIÇÃO DOS TEORES DE COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS E FLAVONOIDES NA PARTE AÉREA DAS ESPÉCIES Secale cereale L., Avena strigosa L. E Raphanus sativus L. POR MEIO DE ESPECTROSCOPIA NO INFRAVERMELHO PRÓXIMO (NIR)

Decomposition and release of nutrients from leaves and pruned stems in vineyard

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