Revisionismos de relações com os Estados Unidos e suas variáveis nos governos progressistas da América do Sul

Abstract

This paper identifies and analyzes the different types of revisionist politics, and its levels, developed by progressive governments in South America toward the United States over the past 13 years. For such, it uses as starting points concepts that are fundamental for better understanding the behavior of South American countries in relation with the great power: "peripheral revisionism," by Cesar Guimarães, and "autonomous confrontation" and "antagonistic confrontation," both by Helio Jaguaribe. From the developments of these concepts, a theoretical model was developed with different types of peripheral revisionisms, which allowed for fine-tuning the classifications of foreign policies in the period.

Free trade agreements and regional alliances: support from Latin American legislators

“…These foreign entities' attitudes toward Latin America have served as an "important external catalyst of the new Latin American regionalism, because they have accepted, and ultimately encouraged, a regional relationship (beyond country-to-country relations) as regards trade agreements" 1 (Sanahuja 2004, 83). However, during the first decade of the 2000s, regional progressive governments reviewed their relationships with former allies, especially with the US (Monteiro 2014). In fact, Latin American regionalism has oscillated between models of cooperation under the tutelage of the US and the development of intra-Latin American integration schemes (Bernal-Meza 2008, 155).…”