Non-pharmacological strategies to decrease anxiety in cardiac catheterization: integrative review

Abstract

Objective: to identify and review the literature on non-pharmacological strategies used for reducing anxiety in patients receiving cardiac catheterization. Method: this study was an integrative literature review. The research was conducted using the databases LILACS, SciELO, Medline (through BVS and PubMed) and Scopus. Studies were analyzed according to their objective, method, instruments used for evaluating patients' anxiety, and the results obtained. Results: the most used strategy for reducing anxiety in patients receiving cardiac catheterization was music therapy. However, no study identifying the most appropriate time for this intervention (before, during and/or after the procedure) was found. Other strategies identifi ed in this review were educational videos, massage, and palm therapy. Conclusion: the results found suggest that anxiety can be reduced using non-pharmacological strategies. Keywords: Anxiety; Nursing; Cardiac Catheterization. RESUMO Objetivo: identifi car na literatura estudos que abordam as estratégias não farmacológicas utilizadas para redução da ansiedade de pacientes que se submetem ao cateterismo cardíaco. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, Medline (via BVS e PubMed) e Scopus. Os estudos foram analisados de acordo com seu objetivo, métodos, instrumentos utilizados para avaliar ansiedade dos pacientes e resultados obtidos. Resultados: a musicoterapia foi a estratégia mais abordada para a redução da ansiedade. Entretanto, não foi encontrado nenhum estudo que identifi casse o momento mais adequado para esta intervenção (antes, durante e/ou após o procedimento hemodinâmico). Outras estratégias identifi cadas nesta revisão foram o vídeo educacional, massagem e terapia na palma das mãos. Conclusão: os resultados encontrados sugerem que a ansiedade pode ser diminuída com o emprego de estratégias não farmacológicas. Descritores: Ansiedade; Enfermagem; Cateterismo Cardíaco. RESUMENObjetivo: identifi car y revisar los estudios de literatura que abordan las estrategias no farmacológicas utilizadas para reducir la ansiedad en los pacientes que reciben un cateterismo cardíaco. Método: revisión integradora. La investigación se llevó a cabo utilizando las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, Medline (BVS y PubMed) y Scopus. Los estudios se analizaron de acuerdo con sus objetivos, la metodo, los instrumentos utilizados para la evaluación de la ansiedad de los pacientes, y los resultados obtenidos. Resultados: la estrategia dirigida más para reducir la ansiedad en los pacientes que recibieron cateterización cardíaca fue la musicoterapia. No se encontró estudio, sin embargo, identifi cando el momento más adecuado para esta intervención (antes, durante y / o después de este procedimiento). Otras estrategias identifi cados en esta revisión eran videos educativos, masajes y terapia de palma. Conclusión: los resultados sugieren que la ansiedad se puede reducir el uso de estrategias no farmacológicas.

Anxiety Levels of Children During Electrophysiological Study

“…They found that situational anxiety was higher in Group B, and these patients needed more often anxiolytic therapy during the procedure. Conversely a study showed that children undergoing cardiac catheterization coped with stress more easily when the procedure was explained with videos (17) .Music therapy, educational videos, nurse training, and therapeutic massages have been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety in adult patients (18) . The identifying non-pharmacological strategies to reduce anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization is very important to improve nursing care and to prevent the negative effects of anxiety on patients' clinical outcomes, such as tachycardia and chest pain (18) .…”

Parental anxiety among children undergoing cardiac catheterisation

“…There have been studies to show the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety levels in adult patients. Ferreira Nda et al in a review identified several strategies: music therapy, educational videos, nursing education, therapeutic massage, and palm therapy 17 . Other strategies such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, 18 desensitisation, 19 and relaxation therapy 20 have been shown to be effective in the treatment of anxiety, coping difficulties, and procedure-related psychological distress in general.…”

The Effect of Video and Images of Operating Room on Patients’ Anxiety Before General Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Ayral X et al found that video information decreased patients' anxiety before knee surgery (10). Studies show that alternative therapies are increasingly used to reduce patients' anxiety (12), and the studies suggest that these interventions are very suitable (13).…”