Presumed Zika virus-related congenital brain malformations: the spectrum of CT and MRI findings in fetuses and newborns

Castro, Jaelson; Pereira, L.; Dias, Daniel Aguiar; Aguiar, Lindenberg Barbosa; Maia, Joanira Costa Nogueira; Costa, Juliana Nascimento da; Castro, Eveline Campos Monteiro de; Feitosa, Francisco Edson de Lucena; Carvalho, Francisco Herlânio Costa

doi:10.1590/0004-282x20170134

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Traveller/non-traveller populations: In this update, we found further evidence that congenital abnormalities occurred in infants born to women travellers returning from ZIKV-affected areas and women remaining in those areas. In total, 25 publications report on 272 congenital abnormalities due to ZIKV infection in travellers 27, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42, 45, 56, 58, 61, 89, 94, 98, 109, 117, 122, 123, 137, 140, 151, 153, 166, 173 , with 109 publications reporting congenital abnormalities due to ZIKV in 2652 non travellers 24– 26, 28, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39– 41, 43, 44, 46– 48, 50, 51, 54, 57, 60, 62– 79, 81, 83– 85, 87, 88, 90– 93, 95– 97, 100, 101, 104– 106, 110– 113, 115, 116, 118, 119, 121, 124– 135, 142– 147, 149, 152, 154, 156– 164, 167, 168, 171, 172, 175– 180, 182, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

et al. 2019

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Background: The Zika virus (ZIKV) caused a large outbreak in the Americas leading to the declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2016. A causal relation between infection and adverse congenital outcomes such as microcephaly was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) informed by a systematic review structured according to a framework of ten dimensions of causality, based on the work of Bradford Hill. Subsequently, the evidence has continued to accumulate, which we incorporate in regular updates of the original work, rendering it a living systematic review. Methods: We present an update of our living systematic review on the causal relation between ZIKV infection and adverse congenital outcomes and between ZIKV and GBS for four dimensions of causality: strength of association, dose-response, specificity, and consistency. We assess the evidence published between January 18, 2017 and July 1, 2019. Results: We found that the strength of association between ZIKV infection and adverse outcomes from case-control studies differs according to whether exposure to ZIKV is assessed in the mother (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 1.7-8.7, I2=19.8%) or the foetus/infant (OR 37.4, 95% CI: 11.0-127.1, I2=0%). In cohort studies, the risk of congenital abnormalities was 3.5 times higher after ZIKV infection (95% CI: 0.9-13.5, I2=0%). The strength of association between ZIKV infection and GBS was higher in studies that enrolled controls from hospital (OR: 55.8, 95% CI: 17.2-181.7, I2=0%) than in studies that enrolled controls at random from the same community or household (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 0.8-5.4, I2=74.6%). In case-control studies, selection of controls from hospitals could have biased results. Conclusions: The conclusions that ZIKV infection causes adverse congenital outcomes and GBS are reinforced with the evidence published between January 18, 2017 and July 1, 2019.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, MRI is able to better visualize polymicrogyria, most frequently seen in the frontal lobes [87]. MRI also allows superior visualization of brainstem hypoplasia, cerebellar hemispheric volume loss, and other described abnormalities such as pseudocysts [89]. Table 1 summarizes the spectrum of brain and systemic abnormalities in CZS.…”

Section: Postnatal Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Zika Virus Infection: a Review with Emphasis on the Spectrum of Brain Abnormalities

Vhp

Aragão

Pinho

et al. 2020

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Purpose of Review In 2016, the World Health Organization declared the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern following a cluster of associated neurological disorders and neonatal malformations. Our aim is to review the clinical and neuroimaging findings seen in congenital Zika syndrome. Recent Findings ZIKV injures neural progenitor cells in the hippocampus, a brain region important for learning, memory, cognition, and emotion/stress response. Positron emission tomography has revealed global neuroinflammation in ZIKV infection in animal models. Summary Congenital Zika syndrome is associated with a spectrum of brain abnormalities, including microcephaly, parenchymal calcifications, malformations of cortical development and defective neuronal migration, corpus callosum abnormalities, ventriculomegaly, and brainstem and cerebellar abnormalities.

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“…17 documents were excluded because there was no investigation with CT or MRI and 2 because they were experimental studies, resulting in a total of 22 studies. Subsequently, 11 articles were excluded because they were not a case report, and 4 were excluded because they did not include the trimester of gestation that occurred the infection, totalizing 7 articles included [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The complete flowchart is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus Infection: Review Of Neuroimage Studies And The Relationship Between Findings And Time Of Infection

Radaelli¹,

Lahorgue

Bernardi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AIM: To conduct a systematic literature review on neuroimage findings in children with microcephaly by Zika virus (ZIKV). METHOD: We performed a literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science for full-text articles reporting neuroimage exam of computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Were identified 2,214 publications. Of these 2,170 were excluded by the analysis of titles and abstracts, resulting in 7 articles included. The abnormalities presented in neuroimage showed the highest occurrence in the first trimester: decreased brain volume + increased extra-axial CSF space (100%), subcortical calcifications (89.1%), microcephaly (89.1%), ventriculomegaly (72.9%), malformation of cortical development (40.5%), basal ganglia calcifications (40.5%), megacisterna magna (39.1%). In relation to the second trimester of ZIKV infection, the most common were as follows: decreased brain volume + increased extra-axial CSF space (100%), subcortical calcifications (100%), microcephaly (85.7%), ventriculomegaly (71.4%), malformation of cortical development (71.4%), basal ganglia calcifications (19%), megacisterna magna (4.7%). In relation to the neuroimage abnormalities detected in the 3rd trimester 2 cases were found. INTERPRETATION: This systematic review is the first that evaluates brain changes in newborns with different neuroimage techniques (CT and MRI exams) and related findings with the gestational period of ZIKV infection.

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Presumed Zika virus-related congenital brain malformations: the spectrum of CT and MRI findings in fetuses and newborns

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

Congenital Zika Virus Infection: a Review with Emphasis on the Spectrum of Brain Abnormalities

Zika Virus Infection: Review Of Neuroimage Studies And The Relationship Between Findings And Time Of Infection

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