“…Species richness has been the most widely-used measure of biodiversity in the past decades, either because of its straightforward concept (i.e., the number of species) and easily measurement (Marc and Royle, 2009;, but mostly for being the basis of further assessments of diversity patterns (Guisande et al, 2013;Menegotto and Rangel, 2018), disturbance effects, environmental recovery Viana et al, 2022) and evaluation of management strategies . However, estimating species richness per se is problematic.…”