Prevalence ratio estimation via logistic regression: a tool in R

Amorim, Leila Denise Alves Ferreira; Ospina, Raydonal

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120190316

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The variables with a p-value ≤0.05 or defined as relevant by their magnitude in the bivariate analysis were included in the final models. In the evaluation of the predictors of PrEP initiation, we fitted independent models yielding prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression models and the delta method for CI estimation [ 47 ]. Multicollinearity was analyzed using association tests between selected covariates for the models, and the adequacy of the final models was analyzed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test [ 48 ], considering a cutoff p value of 0.05.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important steps for PrEP uptake among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil

et al. 2023

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HIV Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective prevention tool, but there are still few studies about PrEP uptake among adolescents. We aimed to analyze the PrEP uptake process and factors associated with daily oral PrEP initiation among adolescent men who have sex with men (aMSM) and transgender women (aTGW) in Brazil. Baseline data from the first demonstration PrEP cohort study among aMSM and aTGW 15–19 years old (yo) ongoing in three large Brazilian cities (PrEP1519). After completing informed consent procedures, participants were enrolled in the cohort from February/2019 to February/2021. A socio-behavioral questionnaire was applied. Factors associated with PrEP initiation were assessed using a logistic regression model with adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Among recruited participants, 174 (19,2%) were aged 15–17 yo and 734 (80,8%) 18–19 yo. The rate of PrEP initiation was 78.2% and 77.4% for 15–17 yo and 18–19 yo, respectively. Factors associated with PrEP initiation were: black or mixed race (aPR 2.31; 95%CI: 1.10–4.84) among the younger adolescents 15–17 yo; experienced violence and/or discrimination due to their sexual orientation or gender identity (aPR 1.21; 95%CI: 1.01–1.46); transactional sex (aPR 1.32; 95%CI: 1.04–1.68); and having had between 2 to 5 sexual partners in the previous three months (aPR 1.39; 95%CI: 1.15–1.68) among those 18–19 yo. Unprotected receptive anal intercourse in the previous six months was associated with PrEP initiation in both age groups (aPR 1.98; 95%CI: 1.02–3.85 and aPR 1.45; 95%CI: 1.19–1.76 among 15–17 yo and 18–19 yo, respectively). The biggest challenge to promoting PrEP use for aMSM and aTGW was in the first steps of the PrEP uptake process. Once they were linked to the PrEP clinic, initiation rates were high.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important steps for PrEP uptake among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil

et al. 2023

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“…Sensitivity analyses aimed to elucidate the relationships between childhood developmental outcomes and specific combinations of parental mental disorders diagnosed at any time during the study period (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) to maximise statistical power. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were derived via conditional standardisation of regression coefficients with 95% confidence Intervals (CIs) estimated using the delta method (Amorim and Ospina, 2021;Bieler et al, 2010). PRs between 1.00 and 1.49 (or 1.00 and 0.67) were considered small, 1.50 and 2.49 (or 0.66 and 0.40) as medium and 2.50 and over (or <0.40) as large (Rosenthal, 1996).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early childhood developmental vulnerability associated with parental mental disorder comorbidity

Watkeys

O’Hare

Dean

et al. 2022

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Objectives: Parental mental health has a profound influence on the mental health and well-being of their offspring. With comorbid mental disorders generally the rule rather than the exception, increased knowledge of the impact of parental mental disorder comorbidity on early child development may facilitate improved targeting and delivery of early intervention for vulnerable offspring. Methods: Participants were 66,154 children and their parents in the New South Wales Child Development Study – a prospective, longitudinal, record-linkage study of a population cohort of children born in NSW between 2002 and 2004. Early childhood developmental vulnerability was assessed at age ~5 years using the Australian Early Development Census, and information on parental mental disorders was obtained from administrative health records. Binomial and multinomial logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between parental mental disorders and early childhood developmental vulnerability on emotional and behavioural domains, as well as membership of latent developmental risk classes reflecting particular classes of vulnerability. Results: Multiple diagnoses of mental disorders in mothers and fathers were associated with an increased likelihood of early childhood emotional and behavioural developmental vulnerability in offspring, relative to parents without mental disorder. The likelihood of offspring vulnerability increased with the number of parental comorbidities, particularly maternal comorbidities. Conclusion: Early childhood developmental vulnerability was strongly associated with parental mental ill-health, with the strength of associations increasing in line with a greater number of mental disorder diagnoses among mothers and fathers. New and expectant parents diagnosed with multiple mental disorders should be prioritised for intervention, including attention to the developmental well-being of their offspring.

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Prevalence ratio estimation via logistic regression: a tool in R

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Important steps for PrEP uptake among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil

Important steps for PrEP uptake among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil

Early childhood developmental vulnerability associated with parental mental disorder comorbidity

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