Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) extract inhibits hand-rolled cornhusk cigarette smoke-induced oxidative pulmonary damage

Camara, Fernanda D M; Pedroso, Giulia S.; Roman, Silvane Souza; Dallago, Rogério Marcos; Valduga, Alice Teresa; Fernandes, Bruna Barros; Cunha, Eduardo B B; Nesi, Renata Tiscoski; Pinho, Ricardo A.

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020191141

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Animal intervention studies have provided strong evidence for the anti-inflammatory effects of Yerba Mate, showing that intraperitoneal or oral administration of mate extracts to mice exposed to tobacco smoke significantly reduced acute lung inflammation [9]. Administration of Yerba Mate to mice chronically exposed to tobacco smoke toxicity reversed lung lesions (fibrosis, alveolar enlargement and hemorrhage) and reduced oxidative damage in tissues [77].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-cancer Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yerba Mate—A Long but Current History

2021

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Bearing in mind the growing interest in Yerba Mate, a comprehensive study has been prepared containing the most important aspects and possibilities of its use. The introduction of the work contains the species characteristics of Yerba Mate, as well as information about the origin and places of cultivation. The next part focuses on the analysis of the composition, pointing to purine alkaloids, polyphenols, saponins, and minerals as groups of active compounds responsible for the clinical activity of Yerba Mate. The review of the results of preclinical and clinical studies indicates activity in relation to the stimulating effect, reducing weight by stimulating lipolysis, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The information about the action of Yerba Mate is supplemented by the characteristics of its potential toxicity in terms of PAHs content (in particular benzo[α]pyrene) and preparation as a determinant of increased irritation. The current data on the effects of Yerba Mate and the wide safety margin of its use position this raw material as a valuable component of functional food. The growing frequency of consuming Yerba Mate, conditioned by the availability resulting from the globalization of the market and the information provided about it’s the pro-health effects, will position Yerba Mate's popularity among wider population groups.

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Section: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-cancer Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yerba Mate—A Long but Current History

2021

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“…2 However, studies among mice found that exposure to straw cigarette smoke causes damage similar to any other cigarette. [2][3][4] Beyond health dangers, straw cigarette production also raises socioeconomic concerns at the national level. In 2019, the Brazilian Federal Police exposed several cases of tax evasion involving straw cigarette companies that had resulted in a government loss of R$100 million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw cigarette branding: misleading descriptors and a new Marlboro man

et al. 2021

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BackgroundStraw cigarettes are hand-rolled tobacco in a corn straw, common in Brazil and believed to be less harmful by consumers. Traditionally consumed in rural areas and by men, a recent increase in use among young people in urban areas was observed. This study assessed marketing appeals of straw cigarette packaging in Brazil.MethodsFollowing a systematic protocol, unique straw cigarette packs were purchased in 2013, 2016 and 2019 from three cities: Manaus, Salvador and São Paulo. Packs were double-coded for the absence/presence of marketing appeals (ie, luxury/quality, masculinity, classic/timeless, flavours and less harm).ResultsThe number of unique straw cigarette packs purchased as part of the overall sample increased in the most recent collection: 2.3% (n=3), 1.3% (n=2) and 15.5% (n=27) in 2013, 2016 and 2019, respectively. Across the years, all packs presented luxury/quality elements (eg, images of crests); 93.8% (n=30) included the word ‘artisanal’. Masculine appeal (eg, images of men) was present on 56.3% (n=18) of packs. Almost half had classic/timeless elements, including the words ‘tradition’/‘original’. In 2019, 59.3% (n=16) of the packs were flavoured compared with none in previous years. Over a quarter of all packs presented a less harm appeal (eg, ‘smooth’).ConclusionWe identified an increase in availability of unique straw cigarette packs, strong branding and use of misleading descriptors on the packs. The adoption of plain packaging and the implementation of Brazil’s additive ban could help to reduce the appeal of straw cigarettes and curb the current increase in use among youth.

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