Jabuticaba (Plinia jaboticaba) skin extracts as inhibitors of phospholipases A2 and proteases

Abstract

The phenolic extracts of jabuticaba skin flour (JSF) were characterized by HPLC, and evaluated for their modulating action upon phospholipases A 2 and proteases of snake venom, aiming at their possible use in the treatment of the various diseases associated with the action of venom toxins. Two types of extracts were prepared from JSF: aqueous and methanolic. These extracts, evaluated at different ratios, (venom: extract, m/m), significantly inhibited the phospholipase activity induced by the venom of Bothrops moojeni and Crotalus durissus terrificus, except for Bothrops atrox venom. The greatest hemolysis inhibitory action was observed for the methanolic extract, when incubated with venoms of B. moojeni and C. durissus terrificus, with inhibitions between 21 and 100%. Thrombolysis induced by venoms of B. moojeni and C. durissus terrificus was inhibited by both extracts, ranging from 32 to 83% and 51 to 83% for the aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively. Both extracts extended coagulation time, induced by the venoms of B. moojeni and Lachesis muta muta. Inhibitory actions are related to phenolic compounds, such as gallic, syringic and p-coumaric acids, besides catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin; resveratrol and quercetin, present in the extracts of jabuticaba skin flour, confirming their potential for nutraceutical use.

Evaluation of Protection by Caffeic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid, Quercetin and Tannic Acid against the In Vitro Neurotoxicity and In Vivo Lethality of Crotalus durissus terrificus (South American Rattlesnake) Venom

“…Thrombolysis induced by B. moojeni and C. d. terrificus venoms was inhibited by both extracts (by 32-83% and 51-83% for the aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively). [13] Essential oil from Lippia origanoides Inhibition of PLA 2 activity. Potentiation of hemolytic activity in preincubation protocols and presence of prothrombotic activity.…”

Modulation of hemostasis by inhibiting enzymes with the extract of Averrhoa carambola leaves

“…Several investigations involve mechanisms of action of natural compounds that act as enzymatic inhibitors, and the main classes of toxins used as targets are those involved in inflammatory response and hemostasis (phospholipases A2, metalloproteases, and serine proteases) (Bijak et al, 2014;Braga et al, 2019;Marques et al, 2019). However, mechanisms of interaction between enzymes and natural compounds are poorly described and require extensive studies of structural and functional characterization (Mourada-Silva et al, 2016), thus enabling future applications of these compounds in the therapy of human diseases.…”

Counteracting Action of Coutarea hexandra (Rubiaceae) Stem Bark Extract on the Systemic Toxicity Induced by Lachesis muta muta (Viperidae: Crotalinae) Venom in Rats

“…In recent years, some studies have demonstrated that plant extracts [21][22][23] and their isolated metabolites [24], including marine sponge extracts [25] might exhibit therapeutic properties to reduce some effects caused by Lachesis venoms. In addition, our group has also demonstrated that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant drug, contributes to minimize local and systemic disorders induced by L. m. muta venom in rats, e.g., myotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and inflammation, being a potential supporting therapeutic agent to antivenom therapy [26].…”